Projects per year
Personal profile
Biography
My research is inter-disciplinary in nature, drawing on methodology, theory, and practice in the fields of education, cognitive science, and psychology. In the area of early childhood development, I am interested how young children think about number and quantity, and how these basic skills (often referred to as number sense) support growth in mathematical skills. As part of this work I also examine how the development of cognitive skills, such as working memory or the ability to self-regulate behaviour, contribute to children’s typical (and atypical) development. I have also conducted research involving children and adults with hearing loss, and am keen to pursue studies examining how synchronous multi-sensory information (or a lack of) impacts on how we represent and activate numerical information.
My research also looks at the important environments in which children are learning and developing – the home environment and the classroom. This has included a focus on the informal numeracy interactions that may happen between children and parents, as well as the pedagogical approaches to numeracy that educators use in day care environments, and the quality of educator-child interactions.
Research findings from these studies have been used to examine early risk indicators of later mathematical difficulties, and have informed the development and implementation of classroom-based intervention.
All of this work falls within my broader interest in early childhood education, and the systemic factors that utlimately impact on the child's development and learning. Currently I am focusing on the well-being on early childhood educators and have been instrumental in bringing together researchers from across the world to form a research alliance looking at the pan-cultural and unique factors associated with educator wellbeing. We currently have representation from Canada, Iceland, Finland, China, Singapore, New Zealand, and Australia. Feel free to get in touch if you would be interested in joining us.
Teaching
EDUC8250 Effective Instruction in Mathematics, Science and Technology
EDST8000/EDUC7000/EDSX8000 Educational Research
EDUC2920 Research Inquiry in Education
Research student supervision
I would be happy to hear from students who are interested in undertaking research in any of the following areas:
1. Numerical cognition (experimental studies from a psychological/cognitive science perspective investigating how we represent and activate numerical information).
2. Numeracy in the preschool / early primary classroom (e.g., pedagogical approaches, instructional quality, intervention for low achievers).
3. Assessment and development of working memory and executive functioning/self regulation in young children.
4. Impact of hearing loss on child development and learning
5. Informal opportunities for learning numeracy and mathematics in the home and classroom environment.
6. Assessment and intervention for children with mathematical learning difficulties.
7. Impact of teacher-child interaction quality (in preschool) on children's longer term learning and development.
External positions
Principal Research Scientist, National Institute of Education
1 Dec 2011 → 4 Nov 2018
Lecturer, Senior Lecturer, and Reader, University of Aberdeen
2000 → 2011
Teaching Fellow, University of St Andrews
1997 → 2000
Fingerprint
- 1 Similar Profiles
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Behavioural signs of difficulties learning math in primary schoolers – Survey
Bull, R. (Primary Chief Investigator), Burns, E. (Associate Investigator) & Cheng, S. (Associate Investigator)
11/11/24 → …
Project: Research
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MathScape: Home Mathematics Environment in Singapore: Mapping the Landscape (MathScape)
Múñez, D., Cheung, P. & Bull, R.
1/04/24 → 31/03/27
Project: Research
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LP21: Observe, Reflect, Improve: a tool to enrich Children’s Learning (ORICL)
Harrison, L. J. (Primary Chief Investigator), Wong, S. (Chief Investigator), Williams, K. (Chief Investigator), Elwick, S. (Chief Investigator), Bull, R. (Chief Investigator), Degotardi, S. (Chief Investigator), Davis, B. (Chief Investigator), Humburg, P. (Chief Investigator) & Janus, M. (Partner Investigator)
30/06/23 → 29/06/26
Project: Research
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ECEWP: Early Childhood Educators' Well-being Project
Cumming, T. (Primary Chief Investigator), Wong, S. (Primary Chief Investigator), Bull, R. (Chief Investigator), McFarland, L. (Chief Investigator), MacQuarrie, A. (Chief Investigator) & Woodland, K. (Research Coordinator)
4/09/17 → …
Project: Research
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Technical Proposal for a Study on the Effectiveness of School Readiness Programme – Timor Leste
Wong, S. (Primary Chief Investigator), Bull, R. (Chief Investigator), Harrison, L. J. (Chief Investigator), Hadley, F. (Chief Investigator), Gentle, F. (Chief Investigator) & Cologon, K. (Chief Investigator)
22/06/23 → 31/12/24
Project: Research
Research Outputs
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A study on the effectiveness of the School Readiness Program – Timor-Leste: final report
Wong, S., Bull, R., Hadley, F., Harrison, L., Cologon, K. & Gentle, F., Jun 2025, Sydney: Macquarie University. 120 p.Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
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From spatial construction to mathematics: exploring the mediating role of visuospatial working memory
Zhang, Y., Bull, R. & Burns, E. C., Jul 2025, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Developmental Psychology. 17 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
Mathematics resilience in preschool and executive functions
Muñez, D., Bull, R., Khng, K. H., Ng, E. L., Poon, K. & Lee, K., Dec 2025, In: Learning and Instruction. 100, p. 1-13 13 p., 102197.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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Measuring preservice teacher beliefs about mathematics and mathematics teaching: an evaluation of the TEDS-M beliefs scale
Tran, D., Bull, R. & Waschl, N., 21 Apr 2025, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Mathematics Education Research Journal. 22 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access1 Citation (Scopus) -
Developing the WECARE cross-national research alliance for investigating early childhood educators’ wellbeing
Cumming, T., McFarland, L., Saha, M., Bull, R., Wong, S., Ng, E. L., Sun, J., O’Hara-Gregan, J., Gould, K. & Richardson, B., 5 Nov 2024, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Qualitative Research Journal. 15 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Datasets
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Dataset for The effects of a number line intervention on calculation skills
Ruiz Hornblas, C. (Owner), Kohnen, S. (Contributor) & Bull, R. (Contributor), Macquarie University, 12 May 2023
DOI: 10.25949/22799717.v1
Dataset
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Dataset for Number Line Estimation Patterns and their Relationship with Mathematical Performance
Bull, R. (Contributor), Ruiz Hornblas, C. (Owner) & Kohnen, S. (Contributor), Macquarie University, 14 Apr 2023
DOI: 10.25949/22558528.v1
Dataset
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Dataset for The Relationship between Number Line Estimation and Mathematical Reasoning: A Quantile Regression Approach
Bull, R. (Contributor), Ruiz Hornblas, C. (Owner) & Kohnen, S. (Contributor), Macquarie University, 22 May 2023
DOI: 10.25949/22757006.v1
Dataset
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Dataset and metadata associated with Intention to Leave paper (submitted)
Bull, R. (Owner), Wong, S. (Contributor), Cumming, T. (Contributor), Woodland, K. (Contributor) & McFarland, L. (Contributor), Macquarie University, 30 May 2023
DOI: 10.25949/23208569.v1
Dataset
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Data and metadata for 'Early childhood educators’ wellbeing and physiological stress in the workplace: An exploratory study utilising wearable technology' - submitted 2024
Bull, R. (Owner), Wong, S. (Contributor) & Cumming, T. (Contributor), Macquarie University, 14 Aug 2024
DOI: 10.25949/26531203.v1
Dataset
Prizes
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Developing a behavioural checklist for the identification of mathematical learning difficulties
Cheng, S. (Speaker), Bull, R. (Speaker) & Burns, E. (Speaker)
2025Activity: Talk or presentation › Presentation
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Child Development (Journal)
Bull, R. (Member of editorial board)
2019 → 2023Activity: Peer-review and editorial of research outputs › Editorial work
Press/Media
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Unveiling the Influence of Work-Related Wellbeing and Workplace Culture on Intention to Leave in Early Childhood Education
Bull, R., Wong, S. & Cumming, T.
11/07/24
1 item of Media coverage
Press/Media: Other
Impacts
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2023 Australian Government Teacher Education Expert Panel (TEEP) Report Citation & Recommended Our Report as an Initial Teacher Education Program/Degrees Reading.
Lane, R. (Participant), Parrila, R. (Participant), Bower, M. (Participant), Bull, R. (Participant), Cavanagh, M. (Participant), Forbes, A. (Participant), Jones, T. (Participant), Pellicano, L. (Participant), Powell, S. (Participant), Ryan, M. (Participant) & Khosronejad, M. (Participant)
Impact: Training impacts
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Use of dataset to inform policy - Early Childhood Education
Bull, R. (Participant), Wong, S. (Participant) & Cumming, T. (Participant)
Impact: Policy impacts