The visual ecology of strobe ants (Formicidae, Opisthopsis)

Background: Given their biological diversity, ants are an excellent study system to understand the visual ecology of insects. Numerous studies have contributed to increasing the understanding of the visual capabilities of various species, particularly in terms of navigation strategies. In this context, the genus Opisthopsis has a unique set of adaptations (i.e. high eye position, strobing gait) that could aid in further understanding the evolution of biological innovations in this group. O. rufithorax is a common species in Australia, suitable for behavioral field experiments given that they nest on the ground and have conspicuous contrasting colors.
Questions and Methodology: I am requesting funds to examine the strategies these ants use to navigate when foraging. Specifically, I will determine whether they rely on visual landmarks or path integration to navigate. I will train foragers to travel back and forth from a feeder, displace them, and track their paths. To experimentally test the role of visual landmarks, their visual panorama will be blocked using a white screen and then their trajectories will be mapped. Additionally, to understand their ecological context, I will study whether they forage solitarily or in groups, their activity times, their diet composition, and what predators are eating them.
Outcomes 2023-2024: A scientific publication, a chapter of my PhD thesis, and a talk at the 2024 ESA conference. The ants retrieved from the field will be used for further lab physiology experiments.
Outcomes PhD: Several high-quality scientific publications delving into the navigational strategies, predator avoidance behavior, visual capabilities, eye anatomy, and sensory ecology of strobe ants. The findings will increase our knowledge of native Australian insects and, help to preserve the biodiversity of the Gilgandra Flora Reserve and its importance for the Wiradjuri people, traditional custodians of these lands, and the local community.