家庭体育环境与青少年身体姿态异常的关系研究: 基于自主体育锻炼的中介效应

Myopia among children and adolescents in China, abnormal body posture has become a major problem that leads to adverse effects on their physical health. Based on data of the Survey on the Body Postures and Lifestyle of Children and Adolescents organized and implemented by the Institute of Sports Science of the General Administration of Sport of China in 2019, this paper explores the relationships among abnormal body posture, sports- and exercise- related family environment, and self- initiated physical exercise among children and adolescents. The results show that the abnormal body posture of children and adolescents is directly affected by the family environment. Compared with the physical environment of the family, the direct effects of psychological environment and behavioral environment on abnormal body posture are more significant. Self- initiated physical exercise promoted by the family environment has a mediating effect on abnormal body posture, and high levels of physical exercise can effectively reduce the progressions of abnormal body posture. In addition, family environment and self- initiated physical exercise have significant and various effects on children and adolescents with different progressions of abnormal body postures. For children and adolescents with low levels of abnormality, a facilitative physical environment within the family has significant effect; however, for children and adolescents with medium or high levels of abnormality, it is more necessary to improve the family sports psychological and behavioral environments, which is more conducive to the role of self- initiated physical exercise. Therefore, it is essential to actively promote the realization of the social value of sports and exercise in the family, and parents should create a good family sports environment for their children and promote their children to exercise independently, so as to prevent abnormality ofbody posture among children and adolescents.