深部碳循环的环境气候效应

The temperature of the Earth's surface is mainly controlled by the energy received from solar radiation and the holding capacity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases, such as CO₂ and CH₄, affect global climate change by regulating atmospheric temperature. The increase in global CO₂ emissions since the Industrial Revolution is considered as one important cause of global warming. The fluctuation of atmospheric CO₂ concentration in the geological period also corresponds to the alternate appearance of greenhouse and icehouse climates. It is worth noting that more than 90% of Earth's carbon is stored in the deep Earth, so fluctuations in deep processes can affect the amount of carbon on the surface, which in turn has a profound impact on the environment and climate of the Earth. Previous studies mainly focused on the impact of the exogenic carbon cycle on the environment and climate but did not sufficiently consider the contribution of the deep carbon. In recent decades, detailed deep carbon cycle research has been carried out over the world. In this study, the effect of the deep carbon cycle on the environment and climate has been systematically reviewed from the perspective of the large igneous provinces, rifts, and subduction zones, and we suggested that future works need to accurately quantify the flux of the deep carbon cycle and their carbon isotope compositions, which is the basis for us to understand the influence of the deep carbon cycle on the exogenic environment and climate. In addition to carbon itself, we also need to pay more attention to the combined effect of other volatile elements and toxic metal elements. The subduction zone is considered as the most important site for crustal recycling and crust-mantle interaction, thus a comprehensive study on the deep carbon cycle in the subduction zone and its environmental and climatic effects should be strengthened in the future.