A Nonlinear association of body mass index and fasting blood glucose: A dose-response analysis from Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)

Fatemeh Par; Fatemeh Sarvi; Mahmoud Khodadost; Babak Pezeshki; Hassan Doosti; Reza Tabrizi

doi:10.1002/hsr2.70560

A Nonlinear association of body mass index and fasting blood glucose: A dose-response analysis from Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)

Fatemeh Par, Fatemeh Sarvi, Mahmoud Khodadost, Babak Pezeshki, Hassan Doosti, Reza Tabrizi^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

24 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background and Aims: Obesity is associated with diabetes; however, the dose–response association between body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the dose–response relationship between BMI and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes among adults.

Methods: A total of 10,135 participants were enrolled in this study from the baseline profiles of the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) conducted between October 2014 and September 2016. Multivariable logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were applied to evaluate the dose–response relationship between BMI and the risk of prediabetes and ‎diabetes. Statistical ‎ analyses were performed using the software R (4.3.1), taking the significance level at 0.05.

Results: Findings indicated that after adjusting the confounding variables, the risk of diabetes was increased by increasing BMI (overweight: OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.36–2.06; obese: OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.37–2.26). The results of dose–response analysis displayed a nonlinear J-shaped association between BMI and the risk of diabetes (p_trend < 0.001, nonlinear p < 0.001) and prediabetes (p_trend < 0.001, nonlinear p < 0.049).

Conclusion: Based on our research, a higher BMI is a dose-dependent, independent risk factor for diabetes. As a result, prevention initiatives should think about emphasizing ongoing BMI modifications.

Original language	English
Article number	e70560
Pages (from-to)	1-9
Number of pages	9
Journal	Health Science Reports
Volume	8
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70560
Publication status	Published - Mar 2025

Bibliographical note

© 2025 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

body mass index
diabetes
dose-response analysis
obesity

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10.1002/hsr2.70560Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Publisher version (open access)Final published version, 540 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "A Nonlinear association of body mass index and fasting blood glucose: A dose-response analysis from Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)",

abstract = "Background and Aims: Obesity is associated with diabetes; however, the dose–response association between body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the dose–response relationship between BMI and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes among adults.Methods: A total of 10,135 participants were enrolled in this study from the baseline profiles of the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) conducted between October 2014 and September 2016. Multivariable logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were applied to evaluate the dose–response relationship between BMI and the risk of prediabetes and ‎diabetes. Statistical ‎ analyses were performed using the software R (4.3.1), taking the significance level at 0.05.Results: Findings indicated that after adjusting the confounding variables, the risk of diabetes was increased by increasing BMI (overweight: OR = 1.67, 95\% CI = 1.36–2.06; obese: OR = 1.76, 95\% CI = 1.37–2.26). The results of dose–response analysis displayed a nonlinear J-shaped association between BMI and the risk of diabetes (ptrend < 0.001, nonlinear p < 0.001) and prediabetes (ptrend < 0.001, nonlinear p < 0.049).Conclusion: Based on our research, a higher BMI is a dose-dependent, independent risk factor for diabetes. As a result, prevention initiatives should think about emphasizing ongoing BMI modifications.",

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AU - Pezeshki, Babak

AU - Doosti, Hassan

AU - Tabrizi, Reza

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A Nonlinear association of body mass index and fasting blood glucose: A dose-response analysis from Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS)

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