TY - JOUR
T1 - A reassessment of the early archaeological record at Leang Burung 2, a Late Pleistocene rock-shelter site on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi
AU - Brumm, Adam
AU - Hakim, Budianto
AU - Ramli, Muhammad
AU - Aubert, Maxime
AU - van den Bergh, Gerrit D.
AU - Li, Bo
AU - Burhan, Basran
AU - Saiful, Andi Muhammad
AU - Siagian, Linda
AU - Sardi, Ratno
AU - Jusdi, Andi
AU - Abdullah,
AU - Mubarak, Andi Pampang
AU - Moore, Mark W.
AU - Roberts, Richard G.
AU - Zhao, Jian-xin
AU - McGahan, David
AU - Jones, Brian G.
AU - Perston, Yinika
AU - Szabó, Katherine
AU - Mahmud, M. Irfan
AU - Westaway, Kira
AU - Jatmiko, null
AU - Saptomo, E. Wahyu
AU - van der Kaars, Sander
AU - Grün, Rainer
AU - Wood, Rachel
AU - Dodson, John
AU - Morwood, Michael J.
N1 - Copyright the Author(s) 2018. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.
Correction 9/8/18: A portion of the figure legend for Fig 7 is incorrectly displayed in the second paragraph under the subheading “Evaluating Glover’s model of human occupation at the site 35–23 ka cal BP” in the Results section. Please see the complete, correct Fig 7 caption here: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202357
PY - 2018/4/11
Y1 - 2018/4/11
N2 - This paper presents a reassessment of the archaeological record at Leang Burung 2, a key early human occupation site in the Late Pleistocene of Southeast Asia. Excavated originally by Ian Glover in 1975, this limestone rock-shelter in the Maros karsts of Sulawesi, Indonesia, has long held significance in our understanding of early human dispersals into 'Wallacea', the vast zone of oceanic islands between continental Asia and Australia. We present new stratigraphic information and dating evidence from Leang Burung 2 collected during the course of our excavations at this site in 2007 and 2011-13. Our findings suggest that the classic Late Pleistocene modern human occupation sequence identified previously at Leang Burung 2, and proposed to span around 31,000 to 19,000 conventional 14C years BP (~35-24 ka cal BP), may actually represent an amalgam of reworked archaeological materials. Sources for cultural materials of mixed ages comprise breccias from the rear wall of the rock-shelter-remnants of older, eroded deposits dated to 35-23 ka cal BP-and cultural remains of early Holocene antiquity. Below the upper levels affected by the mass loss of Late Pleistocene deposits, our deep-trench excavations uncovered evidence for an earlier hominin presence at the site. These findings include fossils of now-extinct proboscideans and other 'megafauna' in stratified context, as well as a cobble-based stone artifact technology comparable to that produced by late Middle Pleistocene hominins elsewhere on Sulawesi.
AB - This paper presents a reassessment of the archaeological record at Leang Burung 2, a key early human occupation site in the Late Pleistocene of Southeast Asia. Excavated originally by Ian Glover in 1975, this limestone rock-shelter in the Maros karsts of Sulawesi, Indonesia, has long held significance in our understanding of early human dispersals into 'Wallacea', the vast zone of oceanic islands between continental Asia and Australia. We present new stratigraphic information and dating evidence from Leang Burung 2 collected during the course of our excavations at this site in 2007 and 2011-13. Our findings suggest that the classic Late Pleistocene modern human occupation sequence identified previously at Leang Burung 2, and proposed to span around 31,000 to 19,000 conventional 14C years BP (~35-24 ka cal BP), may actually represent an amalgam of reworked archaeological materials. Sources for cultural materials of mixed ages comprise breccias from the rear wall of the rock-shelter-remnants of older, eroded deposits dated to 35-23 ka cal BP-and cultural remains of early Holocene antiquity. Below the upper levels affected by the mass loss of Late Pleistocene deposits, our deep-trench excavations uncovered evidence for an earlier hominin presence at the site. These findings include fossils of now-extinct proboscideans and other 'megafauna' in stratified context, as well as a cobble-based stone artifact technology comparable to that produced by late Middle Pleistocene hominins elsewhere on Sulawesi.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049713186&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052296394&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0879624
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DE130101560
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT140100384
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL130100116
UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT100100384
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0193025
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0193025
M3 - Article
C2 - 29641524
AN - SCOPUS:85049713186
VL - 13
SP - 1
EP - 43
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 4
M1 - e0193025
ER -