An auction framework based on flexible transmit powers in the Licensed Shared Access Systems

The auction mechanism is an effective solution to expedite the reform of spectrum allocation in 5G networks. With the reference of the spectrum geolocation database, it can provide secondary networks with idle and noncontinuous spectrum blocks without interference. Because of privacy issues, cellular operators have no idea of the others' deployments. So the inter-cell interference should be well managed in the sharing scenario. In this paper, we propose an online auction to coordinate interference between base stations in Licensed Shared Access Systems. Considering the reusability of spectrum, an interference graph is adopted to improve the spectrum spatial efficiency. Furthermore, we allow all the base stations to express their different preferences of flexible transmit powers, and this scheme performs better than the one based on the fixed transmit power. Particularly in a dense area, using flexible transmit powers can lower the risk of overlapping with the other cells, which also helps a cell increase the probability to be a winner in a spectrum auction. Besides the transmit powers, every base station should also bid rationally depending on the bandwidth and frequency. We also present the bid strategies for the base stations. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed auction performs well in terms of revenue and buyer satisfaction.