An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf

Caleb I. Cañas; Suvrath Mahadevan; Chad F. Bender; Noah Isaac Salazar Rivera; Andrew Monson; Corey Beard; Jack Lubin; Paul Robertson; Arvind F. Gupta; William D. Cochran; Connor Fredrick; Fred Hearty; Sinclaire Jones; Shubham Kanodia; Andrea S. J. Lin; Joe P. Ninan; Lawrence W. Ramsey; Christian Schwab; Guđmundur Stefánsson

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f

An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf

Caleb I. Cañas^*, Suvrath Mahadevan, Chad F. Bender, Noah Isaac Salazar Rivera, Andrew Monson, Corey Beard, Jack Lubin, Paul Robertson, Arvind F. Gupta, William D. Cochran, Connor Fredrick, Fred Hearty, Sinclaire Jones, Shubham Kanodia, Andrea S. J. Lin, Joe P. Ninan, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Christian Schwab, Guđmundur Stefánsson

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

We report the discovery of an M = 67 ± 2M J brown dwarf transiting the early M dwarf TOI-2119 on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.3362 ± 0.0005) at an orbital period of 7.200861 ± 0.000005 days. We confirm the brown dwarf nature of the transiting companion using a combination of ground-based and space-based photometry and high-precision velocimetry from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder. Detection of the secondary eclipse with TESS photometry enables a precise determination of the eccentricity and reveals the brown dwarf has a brightness temperature of 2100 ± 80 K, a value which is consistent with an early L dwarf. TOI-2119 is one of the most eccentric known brown dwarfs with P < 10 days, possibly due to the long circularization timescales for an object orbiting an M dwarf. We assess the prospects for determining the obliquity of the host star to probe formation scenarios and the possibility of additional companions in the system using Gaia EDR3 and our radial velocities.

Original language	English
Article number	89
Pages (from-to)	1-16
Number of pages	16
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	163
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2022

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Copyright © 2022. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

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Cañas, C. I., Mahadevan, S., Bender, C. F., Salazar Rivera, N. I., Monson, A., Beard, C., Lubin, J., Robertson, P., Gupta, A. F., Cochran, W. D., Fredrick, C., Hearty, F., Jones, S., Kanodia, S., Lin, A. S. J., Ninan, J. P., Ramsey, L. W., Schwab, C., & Stefánsson, G. (2022). An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf. Astronomical Journal, 163(2), 1-16. [89]. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f

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title = "An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf",

abstract = "We report the discovery of an M = 67 ± 2M J brown dwarf transiting the early M dwarf TOI-2119 on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.3362 ± 0.0005) at an orbital period of 7.200861 ± 0.000005 days. We confirm the brown dwarf nature of the transiting companion using a combination of ground-based and space-based photometry and high-precision velocimetry from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder. Detection of the secondary eclipse with TESS photometry enables a precise determination of the eccentricity and reveals the brown dwarf has a brightness temperature of 2100 ± 80 K, a value which is consistent with an early L dwarf. TOI-2119 is one of the most eccentric known brown dwarfs with P < 10 days, possibly due to the long circularization timescales for an object orbiting an M dwarf. We assess the prospects for determining the obliquity of the host star to probe formation scenarios and the possibility of additional companions in the system using Gaia EDR3 and our radial velocities. ",

author = "Ca{\~n}as, {Caleb I.} and Suvrath Mahadevan and Bender, {Chad F.} and {Salazar Rivera}, {Noah Isaac} and Andrew Monson and Corey Beard and Jack Lubin and Paul Robertson and Gupta, {Arvind F.} and Cochran, {William D.} and Connor Fredrick and Fred Hearty and Sinclaire Jones and Shubham Kanodia and Lin, {Andrea S. J.} and Ninan, {Joe P.} and Ramsey, {Lawrence W.} and Christian Schwab and Gu{\d}mundur Stef{\'a}nsson",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",

year = "2022",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f",

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Cañas, CI, Mahadevan, S, Bender, CF, Salazar Rivera, NI, Monson, A, Beard, C, Lubin, J, Robertson, P, Gupta, AF, Cochran, WD, Fredrick, C, Hearty, F, Jones, S, Kanodia, S, Lin, ASJ, Ninan, JP, Ramsey, LW, Schwab, C & Stefánsson, G 2022, 'An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf', Astronomical Journal, vol. 163, no. 2, 89, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f

TY - JOUR

T1 - An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf

AU - Cañas, Caleb I.

AU - Mahadevan, Suvrath

AU - Bender, Chad F.

AU - Salazar Rivera, Noah Isaac

AU - Monson, Andrew

AU - Beard, Corey

AU - Lubin, Jack

AU - Robertson, Paul

AU - Gupta, Arvind F.

AU - Cochran, William D.

AU - Fredrick, Connor

AU - Hearty, Fred

AU - Jones, Sinclaire

AU - Kanodia, Shubham

AU - Lin, Andrea S. J.

AU - Ninan, Joe P.

AU - Ramsey, Lawrence W.

AU - Schwab, Christian

AU - Stefánsson, Guđmundur

N1 - Copyright © 2022. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2022/2/1

Y1 - 2022/2/1

N2 - We report the discovery of an M = 67 ± 2M J brown dwarf transiting the early M dwarf TOI-2119 on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.3362 ± 0.0005) at an orbital period of 7.200861 ± 0.000005 days. We confirm the brown dwarf nature of the transiting companion using a combination of ground-based and space-based photometry and high-precision velocimetry from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder. Detection of the secondary eclipse with TESS photometry enables a precise determination of the eccentricity and reveals the brown dwarf has a brightness temperature of 2100 ± 80 K, a value which is consistent with an early L dwarf. TOI-2119 is one of the most eccentric known brown dwarfs with P < 10 days, possibly due to the long circularization timescales for an object orbiting an M dwarf. We assess the prospects for determining the obliquity of the host star to probe formation scenarios and the possibility of additional companions in the system using Gaia EDR3 and our radial velocities.

AB - We report the discovery of an M = 67 ± 2M J brown dwarf transiting the early M dwarf TOI-2119 on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.3362 ± 0.0005) at an orbital period of 7.200861 ± 0.000005 days. We confirm the brown dwarf nature of the transiting companion using a combination of ground-based and space-based photometry and high-precision velocimetry from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder. Detection of the secondary eclipse with TESS photometry enables a precise determination of the eccentricity and reveals the brown dwarf has a brightness temperature of 2100 ± 80 K, a value which is consistent with an early L dwarf. TOI-2119 is one of the most eccentric known brown dwarfs with P < 10 days, possibly due to the long circularization timescales for an object orbiting an M dwarf. We assess the prospects for determining the obliquity of the host star to probe formation scenarios and the possibility of additional companions in the system using Gaia EDR3 and our radial velocities.

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DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac415f

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VL - 163

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EP - 16

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

SN - 0004-6256

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M1 - 89

ER -

An Eccentric brown dwarf eclipsing an M dwarf

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