Assessing the quality of patient information for cholesteatoma on the video sharing platform YouTube

Introduction Cholesteatoma is common chronic ear condition that usually requires surgical treatment and long-term follow-up. The Internet helps patients find information about their medical conditions and assists in shared clinical decision making. This work aims to assess the quality of information on YouTube for cholesteatoma. We aim to assess the quality of the most popular cholesteatoma videos on YouTube using recognized scoring systems and determine if quality correlated with video likes and views. Methods The YouTube website was systematically searched on separate days with a formal search strategy to identify videos relevant to cholesteatoma. Each video was viewed and scored by three independent assessors using a novel Essential and Ideal Video Completeness criteria for cholesteatoma and the validated DISCERN tool. Popularity metrics were analyzed and compared with video popularity. Results A total of 90 YouTube videos were analyzed with an average 55,292 views per video with an average of 271 likes and 22 dislikes. The interrater correlation was moderate with Fleiss kappa score 0.42 (p < 0.01) using the Essential and Ideal Video Completeness criteria for cholesteatoma and interrater correlation coefficient was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.90), indicating good reliability for DISCERN scores. The overall video quality was poor with higher DISCERN scores found from academic institutions. Conclusion YouTube content with regard to cholesteatoma is of poor quality. Videos with unclassified sources or more dislikes correlated with poor quality. Otology societies should be encouraged to publish high-quality YouTube videos on cholesteatoma and other ear conditions.