Attacks and defences on intelligent connected vehicles: a survey

Intelligent vehicles are advancing at rapid speed with increasing levels of automation and connectivity, which opens up new possibilities to different cyber attacks including in-vehicle attacks (e.g. hijacking attack) and vehicle-to everything communications attacks (e.g. data theft ). These problems become more severe with the development of 4G LTE and 5G communication technologies. Although a lot of efforts are made to improve the resilience to cyber attacks, there remains many unsolved challenges. This paper first identifies some major security attacks on the intelligent connected vehicles. Then, we investigate and summarize the available defences against these attacks and classify them into four categories such as cryptography, network security, software vulnerability detection, and malware detection. Challenges remaining and future directions for preventing attacks on intelligent vehicle systems have been discussed as well.