TY - JOUR
T1 - Chromitites in ophiolites
T2 - How, where, when, why? Part I. A review and new ideas on the origin and significance of platinum-group minerals
AU - González-Jiménez, José María
AU - Griffin, William L.
AU - Gervilla, Fernando
AU - Proenza, Joaquín A.
AU - O'Reilly, Suzanne Y.
AU - Pearson, Norman J.
PY - 2014/2/15
Y1 - 2014/2/15
N2 - Platinum-group minerals are the dominant control on the budget of platinum-group elements in ophiolitic chromitites. They vary widely in distribution, morphology, chemistry and Os-isotope compositions. Their distribution in different types of chromitites, and different microstructural sites within them may reflect the role of chromite as a physical "collector" of the platinum-group elements during crystallisation of both phases from melts. The platinum-group minerals show significant Os-isotope heterogeneity on the scale of single micrometric grains enclosed within individual chromite grains. This micro-scale isotopic heterogeneity, and their random spatial distribution within the chromites, argue strongly against an origin of the platinum-group minerals via exsolution from the chromite lattice during post-magmatic cooling. A re-interpretation of their microstructures and Os isotopes analysed in situ had led us to review the traditional models, and to propose several origins for the platinum-group minerals in chromitites. (1) The suites of platinum-group minerals mainly record crystallisation during mixing of multiple different melts and physical entrapment in chromite. (2) Some platinum-group minerals in chromitites may have been scavenged from wall-rock peridotite during migration of the parental melts of the chromitite. (3) Other platinum-group minerals may have precipitated from metasomatic fluid/melts that infiltrated existing chromitites. The recrystallization of pre-existing platinum-group minerals during polyphase metamorphism or "recycling" of the chromitite into deeper mantle levels can explain the presence of micrometric platinum-group minerals with distinct Os-isotope compositions.
AB - Platinum-group minerals are the dominant control on the budget of platinum-group elements in ophiolitic chromitites. They vary widely in distribution, morphology, chemistry and Os-isotope compositions. Their distribution in different types of chromitites, and different microstructural sites within them may reflect the role of chromite as a physical "collector" of the platinum-group elements during crystallisation of both phases from melts. The platinum-group minerals show significant Os-isotope heterogeneity on the scale of single micrometric grains enclosed within individual chromite grains. This micro-scale isotopic heterogeneity, and their random spatial distribution within the chromites, argue strongly against an origin of the platinum-group minerals via exsolution from the chromite lattice during post-magmatic cooling. A re-interpretation of their microstructures and Os isotopes analysed in situ had led us to review the traditional models, and to propose several origins for the platinum-group minerals in chromitites. (1) The suites of platinum-group minerals mainly record crystallisation during mixing of multiple different melts and physical entrapment in chromite. (2) Some platinum-group minerals in chromitites may have been scavenged from wall-rock peridotite during migration of the parental melts of the chromitite. (3) Other platinum-group minerals may have precipitated from metasomatic fluid/melts that infiltrated existing chromitites. The recrystallization of pre-existing platinum-group minerals during polyphase metamorphism or "recycling" of the chromitite into deeper mantle levels can explain the presence of micrometric platinum-group minerals with distinct Os-isotope compositions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84896403032&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.lithos.2013.06.016
DO - 10.1016/j.lithos.2013.06.016
M3 - Review article
VL - 189
SP - 127
EP - 139
JO - Lithos
JF - Lithos
SN - 0024-4937
ER -