Comprehensive thermal analysis of diamond in a high-power Raman cavity based on FVM-FEM coupled method

Zhenxu Bai; Zhanpeng Zhang; Kun Wang; Jia Gao; Zhendong Zhang; Xuezong Yang; Yulei Wang; Zhiwei Lu; Richard P. Mildren

doi:10.3390/nano11061572

Comprehensive thermal analysis of diamond in a high-power Raman cavity based on FVM-FEM coupled method

Zhenxu Bai, Zhanpeng Zhang, Kun Wang^*, Jia Gao, Zhendong Zhang, Xuezong Yang, Yulei Wang, Zhiwei Lu, Richard P. Mildren

^*Corresponding author for this work

MQ Photonics Research Centre

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Despite their extremely high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficients, thermal effects in diamond are still observed in high-power diamond Raman lasers, which proposes a challenge to their power scaling. Here, the dynamics of temperature gradient and stress distribution in the diamond are numerically simulated under different pump conditions. With a pump radius of 100 µm and an absorption power of up to 200 W (corresponding to the output power in kilowatt level), the establishment period of thermal steady-state in a millimeter diamond is only 50 µs, with the overall thermal-induced deformation of the diamond being less than 2.5 µm. The relationship between the deformation of diamond and the stability of the Raman cavity is also studied. These results provide a method to better optimize the diamond Raman laser performance at output powers up to kilowatt-level.

Original language	English
Article number	1572
Pages (from-to)	1-12
Number of pages	12
Journal	Nanomaterials
Volume	11
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061572
Publication status	Published - Jun 2021

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Copyright © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

Diamond
FVM-FEM
High-power
Raman laser
Thermal analysis

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Publisher version (open access)Final published version, 3.27 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Comprehensive thermal analysis of diamond in a high-power Raman cavity based on FVM-FEM coupled method",

abstract = "Despite their extremely high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficients, thermal effects in diamond are still observed in high-power diamond Raman lasers, which proposes a challenge to their power scaling. Here, the dynamics of temperature gradient and stress distribution in the diamond are numerically simulated under different pump conditions. With a pump radius of 100 µm and an absorption power of up to 200 W (corresponding to the output power in kilowatt level), the establishment period of thermal steady-state in a millimeter diamond is only 50 µs, with the overall thermal-induced deformation of the diamond being less than 2.5 µm. The relationship between the deformation of diamond and the stability of the Raman cavity is also studied. These results provide a method to better optimize the diamond Raman laser performance at output powers up to kilowatt-level.",

keywords = "Diamond, FVM-FEM, High-power, Raman laser, Thermal analysis",

author = "Zhenxu Bai and Zhanpeng Zhang and Kun Wang and Jia Gao and Zhendong Zhang and Xuezong Yang and Yulei Wang and Zhiwei Lu and Mildren, {Richard P.}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

doi = "10.3390/nano11061572",

language = "English",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Comprehensive thermal analysis of diamond in a high-power Raman cavity based on FVM-FEM coupled method

AU - Bai, Zhenxu

AU - Zhang, Zhanpeng

AU - Wang, Kun

AU - Gao, Jia

AU - Zhang, Zhendong

AU - Yang, Xuezong

AU - Wang, Yulei

AU - Lu, Zhiwei

AU - Mildren, Richard P.

N1 - Copyright © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2021/6

Y1 - 2021/6

N2 - Despite their extremely high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficients, thermal effects in diamond are still observed in high-power diamond Raman lasers, which proposes a challenge to their power scaling. Here, the dynamics of temperature gradient and stress distribution in the diamond are numerically simulated under different pump conditions. With a pump radius of 100 µm and an absorption power of up to 200 W (corresponding to the output power in kilowatt level), the establishment period of thermal steady-state in a millimeter diamond is only 50 µs, with the overall thermal-induced deformation of the diamond being less than 2.5 µm. The relationship between the deformation of diamond and the stability of the Raman cavity is also studied. These results provide a method to better optimize the diamond Raman laser performance at output powers up to kilowatt-level.

AB - Despite their extremely high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficients, thermal effects in diamond are still observed in high-power diamond Raman lasers, which proposes a challenge to their power scaling. Here, the dynamics of temperature gradient and stress distribution in the diamond are numerically simulated under different pump conditions. With a pump radius of 100 µm and an absorption power of up to 200 W (corresponding to the output power in kilowatt level), the establishment period of thermal steady-state in a millimeter diamond is only 50 µs, with the overall thermal-induced deformation of the diamond being less than 2.5 µm. The relationship between the deformation of diamond and the stability of the Raman cavity is also studied. These results provide a method to better optimize the diamond Raman laser performance at output powers up to kilowatt-level.

KW - Diamond

KW - FVM-FEM

KW - High-power

KW - Raman laser

KW - Thermal analysis

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U2 - 10.3390/nano11061572

DO - 10.3390/nano11061572

M3 - Article

C2 - 34203840

AN - SCOPUS:85107857229

VL - 11

SP - 1

EP - 12

JO - Nanomaterials

JF - Nanomaterials

SN - 2079-4991

IS - 6

M1 - 1572

ER -

Comprehensive thermal analysis of diamond in a high-power Raman cavity based on FVM-FEM coupled method

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Keywords

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