Connecting flying backhauls of drones to enhance vehicular networks with fixed 5G NR infrastructure

To extend connectivity and guarantee data rates, drones can be used to enhance 5G performance on mobile nodes in urban areas. To this end, we provide theoretical bounds on the requirements of connectivity extension for vehicular networks served by fixed eMBB infrastructure, where both vehicular networks and fixed telecommunication infrastructure are modeled using stochastic and fractal geometry as a macro model for urban environment, providing a unique perspective into the smart city. Namely, we prove that assuming n mobile nodes (distributed according to a hyperfractal distribution of dimension dF) and an average of ρ gNBs (distributed like an hyperfractal of dimension dr) if ρ = n^θ with and letting n tending to infinity (to reflect megalopolis cities), then the average fraction of mobile nodes not covered by a gNB tends to zero like O(n ^{-[((dF-2))/(dr)](2θ-[(dr)/2])} ). Interestingly, we then prove that the number of drones needed to connect the isolated mobile nodes is comparable to the number of isolated mobile nodes.