Diamonds are a spectroscopists best friend: Thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors

Xiaofeng Wang; Mikael Karlsson; Pontus Forsberg; Markus Sieger; Fredrik Nikolajeff; Lars Österlund; Boris Mizaikoff

doi:10.1021/ac5011475

Diamonds are a spectroscopists best friend: Thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors

Xiaofeng Wang, Mikael Karlsson, Pontus Forsberg, Markus Sieger, Fredrik Nikolajeff, Lars Österlund^*, Boris Mizaikoff

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

46 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The first combination of mid-infrared (MIR) tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCLs) with thin-film diamond strip waveguides (DSWGs) suitable for advanced chemical sensing/biosensing is demonstrated. The sensing system is composed of thin diamond films grown on surface-passivated Si wafers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and microstructured using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, serving as photonic waveguides for radiation emitted by a broadly tunable quantum cascade laser (tQCL) in the spectral regime of 5.78-6.35 μm (1570-1730 cm^-1). The characterization of the free-standing diamond waveguides reveals excellent transmission properties across a broad MIR band. As a proof of concept, the detection of acetone in D₂O via evanescent field absorption is demonstrated achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 200 pL, which indicates a significant sensitivity improvement compared to conventional MIR slab/strip waveguides reported to date. Providing characteristic absorption features within the tuning range of the tQCL, studies using anisaldehyde as an analyte further corroborate the potential of tQCL-DSWG-based chemical sensors/biosensors.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	8136-8141
Number of pages	6
Journal	Analytical Chemistry
Volume	86
Issue number	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/ac5011475
Publication status	Published - 19 Aug 2014
Externally published	Yes

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title = "Diamonds are a spectroscopists best friend: Thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors",

abstract = "The first combination of mid-infrared (MIR) tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCLs) with thin-film diamond strip waveguides (DSWGs) suitable for advanced chemical sensing/biosensing is demonstrated. The sensing system is composed of thin diamond films grown on surface-passivated Si wafers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and microstructured using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, serving as photonic waveguides for radiation emitted by a broadly tunable quantum cascade laser (tQCL) in the spectral regime of 5.78-6.35 μm (1570-1730 cm-1). The characterization of the free-standing diamond waveguides reveals excellent transmission properties across a broad MIR band. As a proof of concept, the detection of acetone in D2O via evanescent field absorption is demonstrated achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 200 pL, which indicates a significant sensitivity improvement compared to conventional MIR slab/strip waveguides reported to date. Providing characteristic absorption features within the tuning range of the tQCL, studies using anisaldehyde as an analyte further corroborate the potential of tQCL-DSWG-based chemical sensors/biosensors.",

author = "Xiaofeng Wang and Mikael Karlsson and Pontus Forsberg and Markus Sieger and Fredrik Nikolajeff and Lars {\"O}sterlund and Boris Mizaikoff",

year = "2014",

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doi = "10.1021/ac5011475",

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pages = "8136--8141",

journal = "Analytical Chemistry",

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T2 - Thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors

AU - Wang, Xiaofeng

AU - Karlsson, Mikael

AU - Forsberg, Pontus

AU - Sieger, Markus

AU - Nikolajeff, Fredrik

AU - Österlund, Lars

AU - Mizaikoff, Boris

PY - 2014/8/19

Y1 - 2014/8/19

N2 - The first combination of mid-infrared (MIR) tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCLs) with thin-film diamond strip waveguides (DSWGs) suitable for advanced chemical sensing/biosensing is demonstrated. The sensing system is composed of thin diamond films grown on surface-passivated Si wafers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and microstructured using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, serving as photonic waveguides for radiation emitted by a broadly tunable quantum cascade laser (tQCL) in the spectral regime of 5.78-6.35 μm (1570-1730 cm-1). The characterization of the free-standing diamond waveguides reveals excellent transmission properties across a broad MIR band. As a proof of concept, the detection of acetone in D2O via evanescent field absorption is demonstrated achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 200 pL, which indicates a significant sensitivity improvement compared to conventional MIR slab/strip waveguides reported to date. Providing characteristic absorption features within the tuning range of the tQCL, studies using anisaldehyde as an analyte further corroborate the potential of tQCL-DSWG-based chemical sensors/biosensors.

AB - The first combination of mid-infrared (MIR) tunable quantum cascade lasers (tQCLs) with thin-film diamond strip waveguides (DSWGs) suitable for advanced chemical sensing/biosensing is demonstrated. The sensing system is composed of thin diamond films grown on surface-passivated Si wafers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and microstructured using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching, serving as photonic waveguides for radiation emitted by a broadly tunable quantum cascade laser (tQCL) in the spectral regime of 5.78-6.35 μm (1570-1730 cm-1). The characterization of the free-standing diamond waveguides reveals excellent transmission properties across a broad MIR band. As a proof of concept, the detection of acetone in D2O via evanescent field absorption is demonstrated achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 200 pL, which indicates a significant sensitivity improvement compared to conventional MIR slab/strip waveguides reported to date. Providing characteristic absorption features within the tuning range of the tQCL, studies using anisaldehyde as an analyte further corroborate the potential of tQCL-DSWG-based chemical sensors/biosensors.

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Diamonds are a spectroscopists best friend: Thin-film diamond mid-infrared waveguides for advanced chemical sensors/biosensors

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