Dietary methoprene supplement promotes early sexual maturation of male Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni

Saleh Mohammad Adnan*, Vivian Mendez, Renata Morelli, Humayra Akter, Iffat Farhana, Phillip W. Taylor

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    23 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Sterile insect technique (SIT) is an environmentally benign pest management technique that relies on released sterile male insects mating with, and curtailing reproduction of, wild females. However, for species with high mortality rates and long adult maturation phases, a large proportion of the released insects can die before maturing and so fail to contribute to SIT. To counter this problem, inclusion of yeast hydrolysate in pre-release diets and treatment of pupae or adults with methoprene, a juvenile hormone analogue, have been investigated as means of accelerating development of some fruit flies, including Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (‘Q-fly’). Methoprene has most often been administered topically in acetone solution, which is toxic, flammable, and impractical for operational settings. As a practical alternative, we incorporated methoprene (0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5%) into Q-fly adult diet of sugar only or sugar mixed with yeast hydrolysate for 2 days, and then provided sugar only for the rest of the trial period. Mating performance of males and females was tested from 4 to 30 days of age. Flies provided sugar mixed with yeast hydrolysate had increased mating propensity in comparison with flies that were provided sugar only. At all ages and for both diets, all methoprene doses increased male mating probability. Methoprene treatment did not affect copula latency of males that received yeast hydrolysate, but males that received only sugar mated earlier if they had received 0.05% methoprene. Methoprene treatment of males was also associated with longer copulations, which may affect fertility of females that later remate. Females differed from males in that methoprene treatment did not significantly affect mating probability or latency, but resembled males in that methoprene treatment resulted in longer copulations. Sex differences in response to methoprene may lead to male-biased operational sex ratio when bisex Q-fly strains are used in SIT. Yeast hydrolysate increased longevity of both males and females, but methoprene treatment did not affect longevity. Overall, findings of the present study indicate that Q-fly sexual maturation can be accelerated, and SIT might hence be enhanced, by incorporation of methoprene and yeast hydrolysate in pre-release diet.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1441–1454
    Number of pages14
    JournalJournal of Pest Science
    Volume91
    Issue number4
    Early online date13 Jul 2018
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Sept 2018

    Keywords

    • Q-fly
    • tephritidae
    • yeast hydrolysate
    • sterile insect technique
    • development

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