Effect of herbal extracts and Saroglitazar on high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic lipidome in C57BL/6J mice

Deepika Kumari, Jyoti Gautam, Vipin Sharma, Sonu Kumar Gupta, Soumalya Sarkar, Pradipta Jana, Vikas Singhal, Prabhakar Babele, Parul Kamboj, Sneh Bajpai, Ruchi Tandon, Yashwant Kumar, Madhu Dikshit

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4 Citations (Scopus)
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Abstract

We evaluated the effects of select herbal extracts (Tinospora cordifolia [TC], Tinospora cordifolia with Piper longum [TC + PL], Withania somnifera [WS], Glycyrrhiza glabra [GG], AYUSH–64 [AY-64], and Saroglitazar [S]) on various parameters in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. After 12 weeks of oral administration of the herbal extracts in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice, we analyzed plasma biochemical parameters, insulin resistance (IR), liver histology, and the expression of inflammatory and fibrosis markers, along with hepatic lipidome. We also used a 3D hepatic spheroid model to assess their impact on profibrotic gene expression. Among the extracts, TC + PL showed a significant reduction in IR, liver weight, TNF-α, IL4, IL10 expression, and hepatic lipid levels (saturated triglycerides, ceramides, lysophosphocholines, acylcarnitines, diglycerides, and phosphatidylinositol levels). Saroglitazar reversed changes in body weight, IR, plasma triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and various hepatic lipid species (fatty acids, phospholipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and triglycerides). With the exception of GG, Saroglitazar, and other extracts protected against palmitic acid-induced fibrosis marker gene expression in the 3D spheroids. TC + PL and Saroglitazar also effectively prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance, inflammation, and specific harmful lipid species in the liver.
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere22051
Pages (from-to)1-17
Number of pages17
JournalHeliyon
Volume9
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2023
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Copyright the Author(s) 2023. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

  • DIO mouse model
  • Insulin resistance
  • Inflammation
  • Fibrosis
  • Liver lipidome
  • Saroglitazar
  • Tinospora cordifolia and Piper longum

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