Effect of magnetic fields on heat convection inside a concentric annulus filled with Al₂O₃-water nanofluid

In the current study, forced convective heat transfer of an MHD fully developed laminar nanofluid between two concentric horizontal cylinders is investigated in the presence of a radial magnetic field. In contrast to a conventional no-slip condition at the surfaces, the Navier's slip condition is considered at the surface to represent the non-equilibrium region near the surfaces. Employing the modified Buongiorno model, the conservative partial differential equations have been collapsed to two-point ordinary boundary value differential equations before being numerically solved. To consider the effects of thermal boundary condition on nanoparticle migration, two distinctive cases including constant heat flux at the outer wall and adiabatic inner wall (Case A) and constant heat flux at the inner wall with adiabatic outer wall (Case B) have been considered. Our results indicate that due to thermophoresis force, the distribution of nanoparticles was denser at the adiabatic wall for the case A which affects the local and the universal fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. Moreover, inducing a radial magnetic field on the system, heat transfer rate was increased for the case A which had a decreasing effect on the case B. Finally, slip velocity at the walls enhances heat transfer rate for both cases.