TY - JOUR
T1 - Endothelial molecular changes in a rodent model of arteriovenous malformation
T2 - Laboratory investigation
AU - Karunanyaka, Athula
AU - Tu, Jian
AU - Watling, Amy
AU - Storer, Kingsley P.
AU - Windsor, Apsara
AU - Stoodley, Marcus A.
PY - 2008/12
Y1 - 2008/12
N2 - Object. The cellular and molecular processes underlying arteriovenous malformation (AVM) development and response to radiosurgery are largely unknown. An animal model mimicking the molecular properties of AVMs is required to examine these processses. This study was performed to determine whether the endothelial molecular changes in an animal model of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) are similar to those in human AVMs. Methods. Arteriovenous fistulas were created in 18 Sprague-Dawley rats by end-to-side anastomosis of the left jugular vein to the common carotid artery creating a model "nidus" of arterialized branching veins that coalesce into a "draining vein" (sigmoid sinus). Six control animals underwent sham operations. Results. After 1 or 3 days, or 1, 3, 6, or 12 weeks, fresh-frozen sections of the fistula, nidus vessels, and contralateral vessels were studied immunohistochemically for thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, E-selectin, P-selectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Conclusions. The AVF model has a "nidus" with endothelial molecular changes similar to those observed in human AVMs, supporting its use as a model for studying the effects of radiosurgery on AVMs.
AB - Object. The cellular and molecular processes underlying arteriovenous malformation (AVM) development and response to radiosurgery are largely unknown. An animal model mimicking the molecular properties of AVMs is required to examine these processses. This study was performed to determine whether the endothelial molecular changes in an animal model of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) are similar to those in human AVMs. Methods. Arteriovenous fistulas were created in 18 Sprague-Dawley rats by end-to-side anastomosis of the left jugular vein to the common carotid artery creating a model "nidus" of arterialized branching veins that coalesce into a "draining vein" (sigmoid sinus). Six control animals underwent sham operations. Results. After 1 or 3 days, or 1, 3, 6, or 12 weeks, fresh-frozen sections of the fistula, nidus vessels, and contralateral vessels were studied immunohistochemically for thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, E-selectin, P-selectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Conclusions. The AVF model has a "nidus" with endothelial molecular changes similar to those observed in human AVMs, supporting its use as a model for studying the effects of radiosurgery on AVMs.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=58149391006&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3171/JNS.2008.109.12.1165
DO - 10.3171/JNS.2008.109.12.1165
M3 - Article
C2 - 19035737
AN - SCOPUS:58149391006
VL - 109
SP - 1165
EP - 1172
JO - Journal of Neurosurgery
JF - Journal of Neurosurgery
SN - 0022-3085
IS - 6
ER -