TY - JOUR
T1 - Fear and respect
T2 - Overlap of emotional domain in the Japanese and Thai lexicons
AU - Svetanant, Chavalin
N1 - Copyright Common Ground and The Author/s. Article originally published in International journal of the humanities, Vol. 8, No. 10, pp.45-54. This version archived on behalf of the author/s and is available for individual, non-commercial use. Permission must be sought from the publisher to republish or reproduce or for any other purpose.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Feelings of fear as well as feelings of respect are language-specific. They occasionally occur separately but they are also likely to share the same emotional domain. When fear and respect are combined, the result is either a feeling of "awe" which implies a sense of fear rather than respect, or a feeling of "reverence" which implies a sense of respect rather than fear. Ancient Japanese employed the word "kashikoshi" to express a sense of fear that came together with a sense of respect toward transcendental existences such as divinities or emperors. A sense of fear in the word "kashikoshi" faded, and it was gradually replaced by a sense of respect or a sense of gratitude. In modern times, the word "kashikoi", derived from "kashikoshi", describes a state of excellence or superiority, particularly the quality of being clever and sensible that usually brings a feeling of admiration from others. In Thai, the word "kreng" has come to be used for the expression of respect or deference as well as a fear or worry. Originally, it was used to express a respectful feeling toward a ruling king from the divine spirits, as found in "Silajaruek Pho Khun Ramkamhaeng" (Stone Inscription of King Ramkamhaeng), the earliest known inscribed stone of Siamese in Sukhothai period (1238-1438 A.D.). The word began to emphasize a stronger sense of fear toward the divine right of the Kings when absolute monarchy was introduced during the Ayuthaya period (1351-1767 A.D.). The extended meaning came to include a sense of worry. The current usage can be found in the compound word "kreng jai" (to be considerate, to be afraid of offending or making a trouble on others), which is regarded as the most distinctive Thai cultural value.
AB - Feelings of fear as well as feelings of respect are language-specific. They occasionally occur separately but they are also likely to share the same emotional domain. When fear and respect are combined, the result is either a feeling of "awe" which implies a sense of fear rather than respect, or a feeling of "reverence" which implies a sense of respect rather than fear. Ancient Japanese employed the word "kashikoshi" to express a sense of fear that came together with a sense of respect toward transcendental existences such as divinities or emperors. A sense of fear in the word "kashikoshi" faded, and it was gradually replaced by a sense of respect or a sense of gratitude. In modern times, the word "kashikoi", derived from "kashikoshi", describes a state of excellence or superiority, particularly the quality of being clever and sensible that usually brings a feeling of admiration from others. In Thai, the word "kreng" has come to be used for the expression of respect or deference as well as a fear or worry. Originally, it was used to express a respectful feeling toward a ruling king from the divine spirits, as found in "Silajaruek Pho Khun Ramkamhaeng" (Stone Inscription of King Ramkamhaeng), the earliest known inscribed stone of Siamese in Sukhothai period (1238-1438 A.D.). The word began to emphasize a stronger sense of fear toward the divine right of the Kings when absolute monarchy was introduced during the Ayuthaya period (1351-1767 A.D.). The extended meaning came to include a sense of worry. The current usage can be found in the compound word "kreng jai" (to be considerate, to be afraid of offending or making a trouble on others), which is regarded as the most distinctive Thai cultural value.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84863663097&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84863663097
SN - 1447-9508
VL - 8
SP - 45
EP - 54
JO - International Journal of the Humanities
JF - International Journal of the Humanities
IS - 10
ER -