From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream

K. Tavangar; P. Ferguson; N. Shipp; A. Drlica-Wagner; S. Koposov; D. Erkal; E. Balbinot; J. García-Bellido; K. Kuehn; G. F. Lewis; T. S. Li; S. Mau; A. B. Pace; A. H. Riley; T. M. C. Abbott; M. Aguena; S. Allam; F. Andrade-Oliveira; J. Annis; E. Bertin; D. Brooks; D. L. Burke; A. Carnero Rosell; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Carretero; M. Costanzi; L. N. da Costa; M. E. S. Pereira; J. De Vicente; H. T. Diehl; S. Everett; I. Ferrero; B. Flaugher; J. Frieman; E. Gaztanaga; D. W. Gerdes; D. Gruen; R. A. Gruendl; J. Gschwend; G. Gutierrez; S. R. Hinton; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; N. Kuropatkin; M. A. G. Maia; J. L. Marshall; F. Menanteau; R. Miquel; R. Morgan; R. L. C. Ogando; A. Palmese; F. Paz-Chinchón; A. Pieres; A. A. Plazas Malagón; M. Rodriguez-Monroy; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; S. Serrano; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Smith; E. Suchyta; M. E. C. Swanson; G. Tarle; C. To; T. N. Varga; A. R. Walker

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream

K. Tavangar^*, P. Ferguson, N. Shipp, A. Drlica-Wagner, S. Koposov, D. Erkal, E. Balbinot, J. García-Bellido, K. Kuehn, G. F. Lewis, T. S. Li, S. Mau, A. B. Pace, A. H. Riley, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, E. BertinD. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, H. T. Diehl, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, N. Kuropatkin, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. Morgan, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, T. N. Varga, A. R. Walker

^*Corresponding author for this work

Australian Astronomical Optics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

We use 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey to perform a detailed photometric characterization of the Phoenix stellar stream, a 15° long, thin, dynamically cold, low-metallicity stellar system in the Southern Hemisphere. We use natural splines, a nonparametric modeling technique, to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and linear density. This updated stream model allows us to improve measurements of the heliocentric distance (17.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.8 (sys.) kpc) and distance gradient (-0.009 ± 0.006 kpc deg^-1) of Phoenix, which corresponds to a small change of 0.13 ± 0.09 kpc in heliocentric distance along the length of the stream. We measure linear intensity variations on degree scales, as well as deviations in the stream track on ∼2° scales, suggesting that the stream may have been disturbed during its formation and/or evolution. We recover three peaks and one gap in linear intensity along with fluctuations in the stream track. Compared to other thin streams, the Phoenix stream shows more fluctuations and, consequently, the study of Phoenix offers a unique perspective on gravitational perturbations of stellar streams. We discuss possible sources of perturbations to Phoenix, including baryonic structures in the Galaxy and dark matter subhalos.

Original language	English
Article number	118
Pages (from-to)	1-14
Number of pages	14
Journal	The Astrophysical Journal
Volume	925
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2022

Bibliographical note

Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

Astronomy data modeling
Cosmology
Dark matter
Galaxy structure
Milky Way dynamics
Stellar streams

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10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

Publisher version (open access)Final published version, 2.37 MBLicence: CC BY

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Tavangar, K., Ferguson, P., Shipp, N., Drlica-Wagner, A., Koposov, S., Erkal, D., Balbinot, E., García-Bellido, J., Kuehn, K., Lewis, G. F., Li, T. S., Mau, S., Pace, A. B., Riley, A. H., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., ... Walker, A. R. (2022). From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream. The Astrophysical Journal, 925(2), 1-14. Article 118. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

@article{c2757238e5044129b1d7dc8228665825,

title = "From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream",

abstract = "We use 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey to perform a detailed photometric characterization of the Phoenix stellar stream, a 15° long, thin, dynamically cold, low-metallicity stellar system in the Southern Hemisphere. We use natural splines, a nonparametric modeling technique, to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and linear density. This updated stream model allows us to improve measurements of the heliocentric distance (17.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.8 (sys.) kpc) and distance gradient (-0.009 ± 0.006 kpc deg-1) of Phoenix, which corresponds to a small change of 0.13 ± 0.09 kpc in heliocentric distance along the length of the stream. We measure linear intensity variations on degree scales, as well as deviations in the stream track on ∼2° scales, suggesting that the stream may have been disturbed during its formation and/or evolution. We recover three peaks and one gap in linear intensity along with fluctuations in the stream track. Compared to other thin streams, the Phoenix stream shows more fluctuations and, consequently, the study of Phoenix offers a unique perspective on gravitational perturbations of stellar streams. We discuss possible sources of perturbations to Phoenix, including baryonic structures in the Galaxy and dark matter subhalos.",

keywords = "Astronomy data modeling, Cosmology, Dark matter, Galaxy structure, Milky Way dynamics, Stellar streams",

author = "K. Tavangar and P. Ferguson and N. Shipp and A. Drlica-Wagner and S. Koposov and D. Erkal and E. Balbinot and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and K. Kuehn and Lewis, \{G. F.\} and Li, \{T. S.\} and S. Mau and Pace, \{A. B.\} and Riley, \{A. H.\} and Abbott, \{T. M. C.\} and M. Aguena and S. Allam and F. Andrade-Oliveira and J. Annis and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and Burke, \{D. L.\} and \{Carnero Rosell\}, A. and \{Carrasco Kind\}, M. and J. Carretero and M. Costanzi and \{da Costa\}, \{L. N.\} and Pereira, \{M. E. S.\} and \{De Vicente\}, J. and Diehl, \{H. T.\} and S. Everett and I. Ferrero and B. Flaugher and J. Frieman and E. Gaztanaga and Gerdes, \{D. W.\} and D. Gruen and Gruendl, \{R. A.\} and J. Gschwend and G. Gutierrez and Hinton, \{S. R.\} and Hollowood, \{D. L.\} and K. Honscheid and James, \{D. J.\} and N. Kuropatkin and Maia, \{M. A. G.\} and Marshall, \{J. L.\} and F. Menanteau and R. Miquel and R. Morgan and Ogando, \{R. L. C.\} and A. Palmese and F. Paz-Chinch{\'o}n and A. Pieres and \{Plazas Malag{\'o}n\}, \{A. A.\} and M. Rodriguez-Monroy and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and S. Serrano and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Smith and E. Suchyta and Swanson, \{M. E. C.\} and G. Tarle and C. To and Varga, \{T. N.\} and Walker, \{A. R.\}",

note = "Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",

year = "2022",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b",

language = "English",

volume = "925",

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journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

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Tavangar, K, Ferguson, P, Shipp, N, Drlica-Wagner, A, Koposov, S, Erkal, D, Balbinot, E, García-Bellido, J, Kuehn, K, Lewis, GF, Li, TS, Mau, S, Pace, AB, Riley, AH, Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Carnero Rosell, A, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Costanzi, M, da Costa, LN, Pereira, MES, De Vicente, J, Diehl, HT, Everett, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Kuropatkin, N, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Morgan, R, Ogando, RLC, Palmese, A, Paz-Chinchón, F, Pieres, A, Plazas Malagón, AA, Rodriguez-Monroy, M, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Smith, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, To, C, Varga, TN & Walker, AR 2022, 'From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream', The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 925, no. 2, 118, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

TY - JOUR

T1 - From the fire

T2 - a deeper look at the Phoenix stream

AU - Tavangar, K.

AU - Ferguson, P.

AU - Shipp, N.

AU - Drlica-Wagner, A.

AU - Koposov, S.

AU - Erkal, D.

AU - Balbinot, E.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Lewis, G. F.

AU - Li, T. S.

AU - Mau, S.

AU - Pace, A. B.

AU - Riley, A. H.

AU - Abbott, T. M. C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Andrade-Oliveira, F.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Carnero Rosell, A.

AU - Carrasco Kind, M.

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - Costanzi, M.

AU - da Costa, L. N.

AU - Pereira, M. E. S.

AU - De Vicente, J.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Ferrero, I.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Gerdes, D. W.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gschwend, J.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hinton, S. R.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Kuropatkin, N.

AU - Maia, M. A. G.

AU - Marshall, J. L.

AU - Menanteau, F.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Morgan, R.

AU - Ogando, R. L. C.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Paz-Chinchón, F.

AU - Pieres, A.

AU - Plazas Malagón, A. A.

AU - Rodriguez-Monroy, M.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Serrano, S.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E. C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - To, C.

AU - Varga, T. N.

AU - Walker, A. R.

N1 - Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2022/2/1

Y1 - 2022/2/1

N2 - We use 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey to perform a detailed photometric characterization of the Phoenix stellar stream, a 15° long, thin, dynamically cold, low-metallicity stellar system in the Southern Hemisphere. We use natural splines, a nonparametric modeling technique, to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and linear density. This updated stream model allows us to improve measurements of the heliocentric distance (17.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.8 (sys.) kpc) and distance gradient (-0.009 ± 0.006 kpc deg-1) of Phoenix, which corresponds to a small change of 0.13 ± 0.09 kpc in heliocentric distance along the length of the stream. We measure linear intensity variations on degree scales, as well as deviations in the stream track on ∼2° scales, suggesting that the stream may have been disturbed during its formation and/or evolution. We recover three peaks and one gap in linear intensity along with fluctuations in the stream track. Compared to other thin streams, the Phoenix stream shows more fluctuations and, consequently, the study of Phoenix offers a unique perspective on gravitational perturbations of stellar streams. We discuss possible sources of perturbations to Phoenix, including baryonic structures in the Galaxy and dark matter subhalos.

AB - We use 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey to perform a detailed photometric characterization of the Phoenix stellar stream, a 15° long, thin, dynamically cold, low-metallicity stellar system in the Southern Hemisphere. We use natural splines, a nonparametric modeling technique, to simultaneously fit the stream track, width, and linear density. This updated stream model allows us to improve measurements of the heliocentric distance (17.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.8 (sys.) kpc) and distance gradient (-0.009 ± 0.006 kpc deg-1) of Phoenix, which corresponds to a small change of 0.13 ± 0.09 kpc in heliocentric distance along the length of the stream. We measure linear intensity variations on degree scales, as well as deviations in the stream track on ∼2° scales, suggesting that the stream may have been disturbed during its formation and/or evolution. We recover three peaks and one gap in linear intensity along with fluctuations in the stream track. Compared to other thin streams, the Phoenix stream shows more fluctuations and, consequently, the study of Phoenix offers a unique perspective on gravitational perturbations of stellar streams. We discuss possible sources of perturbations to Phoenix, including baryonic structures in the Galaxy and dark matter subhalos.

KW - Astronomy data modeling

KW - Cosmology

KW - Dark matter

KW - Galaxy structure

KW - Milky Way dynamics

KW - Stellar streams

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85125847670

UR - http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE1101020

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac399b

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85125847670

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 925

SP - 1

EP - 14

JO - The Astrophysical Journal

JF - The Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 118

ER -

From the fire: a deeper look at the Phoenix stream

Abstract

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Keywords

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