Graphene and related materials in electrochemical sensing

Graphene and related materials, such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, have come to the forefront of research in electrochemical sensors during recent years. The rapidly growing activity in this area is due to the promising electrochemistry of these materials and their obvious success in electrical and optical sensors to date. In this focussed review, we critically examine the structure of graphene, its electronic and electrochemical properties as related to electrochemical sensing, and the latest research on sensors that exploit the electrochemistry of graphene derivatives.