Gravity driven ceramic membrane loaded birnessite functional layer for manganese removal from groundwater: the significance of disinfection on biofilm

Engineering & Materials Science

• Activated carbon 10%
• Bacteria 9%
• Biofilms 89%
• Catalytic oxidation 25%
• Ceramic membranes 100%
• Crystal structure 10%
• Disinfectants 26%
• Disinfection 96%
• Effluents 9%
• Electron microscopes 7%
• Energy utilization 5%
• Fluorescence 9%
• Fluxes 13%
• Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 10%
• Functional groups 10%
• Gravitation 58%
• Groundwater 78%
• Hydrogen peroxide 10%
• Lamellar structures 12%
• Manganese 19%
• Manganese oxide 66%
• Membrane fouling 24%
• Membrane technology 11%
• Membranes 14%
• Organic compounds 11%
• Purification 9%
• Raman scattering 12%
• Recovery 16%
• Scanning 6%
• Sodium 8%
• Spectroscopy 9%
• Water 9%
• X ray diffraction 8%
• X ray photoelectron spectroscopy 10%
• X rays 7%

Chemistry

• Ceramic Membrane 84%
• Crystal Structure 6%
• Disinfectant 17%
• Disinfectant Agent 22%
• Electron Particle 7%
• Energy 6%
• Energy Consumption 14%
• Flow 8%
• Fluorescence 7%
• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 7%
• Gravity 76%
• Groundwater 71%
• Hydrogen Peroxide 10%
• Oxidation Reaction 11%
• Raman Spectrum 10%
• Sodium Hypochlorite 16%
• Spectroscopy 8%
• Time 9%
• Valence 11%
• Water Purification 15%
• X-Ray Diffraction 6%
• X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 9%