| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Inland Waters |
| Editors | Klement Tockner, Thomas Mehner |
| Place of Publication | Amsterdam |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Pages | 339-347 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Volume | 3 |
| Edition | 2nd |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780128220412 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780128191668 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this chapter is to review the types of groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) that occur across subsurface, terrestrial and aquatic realms. Main concepts covered: GDEs are natural systems that require access to groundwater to maintain their biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Main methods covered: We considers the aspects of the groundwater regime (depth, flux, pressure and quality) needed to sustain GDEs, and threats to their conservation and management. Conclusion/outlook: Limited knowledge of the degree and timing of groundwater dependency of most GDEs, and the pressures of climate change are challenges for the management and conservation of these valuable ecosystems.
Keywords
- Aquifer ecosystems
- Base-flow
- Caves
- GDE
- Groundwater
- Groundwater regime
- Phreatophytic vegetation
- Springs
- Stygofauna
- Wetlands
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