Heart rate dependence of regional and local aortic pulse wave velocity in rats as a function of blood pressure

Bart Spronck; Isabella Tan; Koen Reesink; Dana Georgevsky; Tammo Delhaas; Alberto Avolio; Mark Butlin

doi:10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.035

Abstract

Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is quantified by time difference of arrival of the blood pressure (BP) wave at two sites along the arterial bed (transit time; TT-PWV), or by combining measured arterial pressure and diameter using the Bramwell-Hill equation (BH-PWV). Besides the dependence of PWV on BP, TT-PWV also depends on heart rate (HR). The present study aimed to also quantify the dependence of BH-PWV’s on HR, as a function of diastolic BP (DBP).

Methods: Adult anaesthetised rats (n = 24) were randomly paced at 300–500 bpm, at 50-bpm steps. At each step, aortic TT-PWV (two pressure-tip catheters) and BH-PWV (pressure-tip catheter and ultrasound wall-tracking; abdominal aorta) were measured simultaneously, across a pharmacologically induced DBP range of 60–110 mmHg.

Data from 9142 heart beats was analysed using mixed-effects modelling.

Results: HR dependence of TT-PWV increased from 0.03 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 mmHg to 0.06 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 110 mmHg (both p ≤ 0.023). HR dependence of BH-PWV was 0.11 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 and 85 mmHg, but paradoxically decreased to 0 at DBP = 110 mmHg (p = 0.686). This decrease in dependence is explicable in that standard BH-PWV uses an approximate derivative of pressure to diameter, which overestimates PWV with increasing pulse pressure (PP). PP decreases as HR increases, potentially causing a BH-PWV decrease with HR. This effect can be overcome by estimating the full pressure-diameter curve for each HR, and calculating the true derivative at DBP, yielding a BH-PWV that no longer shows significant HR dependence (p ≥ 0.076 at all DBPs).

Conclusions: BH-PWV and TT-PWV show a different HR dependence, affected by DBP.

Original language	English
Article number	3.5
Pages (from-to)	54
Number of pages	1
Journal	Artery Research
Volume	20
Issue number	C
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.035
Publication status	Published - Dec 2017
Event	Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology Conference 2017: ARTERY 2017 - Pisa, Italy Duration: 12 Oct 2017 → 14 Oct 2017

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Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

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Cite this

@article{91a658ddb96f4373aa2b0da7da26eb10,

title = "Heart rate dependence of regional and local aortic pulse wave velocity in rats as a function of blood pressure",

abstract = "Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is quantified by time difference of arrival of the blood pressure (BP) wave at two sites along the arterial bed (transit time; TT-PWV), or by combining measured arterial pressure and diameter using the Bramwell-Hill equation (BH-PWV). Besides the dependence of PWV on BP, TT-PWV also depends on heart rate (HR). The present study aimed to also quantify the dependence of BH-PWV{\textquoteright}s on HR, as a function of diastolic BP (DBP).Methods: Adult anaesthetised rats (n = 24) were randomly paced at 300–500 bpm, at 50-bpm steps. At each step, aortic TT-PWV (two pressure-tip catheters) and BH-PWV (pressure-tip catheter and ultrasound wall-tracking; abdominal aorta) were measured simultaneously, across a pharmacologically induced DBP range of 60–110 mmHg.Data from 9142 heart beats was analysed using mixed-effects modelling.Results: HR dependence of TT-PWV increased from 0.03 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 mmHg to 0.06 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 110 mmHg (both p ≤ 0.023). HR dependence of BH-PWV was 0.11 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 and 85 mmHg, but paradoxically decreased to 0 at DBP = 110 mmHg (p = 0.686). This decrease in dependence is explicable in that standard BH-PWV uses an approximate derivative of pressure to diameter, which overestimates PWV with increasing pulse pressure (PP). PP decreases as HR increases, potentially causing a BH-PWV decrease with HR. This effect can be overcome by estimating the full pressure-diameter curve for each HR, and calculating the true derivative at DBP, yielding a BH-PWV that no longer shows significant HR dependence (p ≥ 0.076 at all DBPs).Conclusions: BH-PWV and TT-PWV show a different HR dependence, affected by DBP.",

author = "Bart Spronck and Isabella Tan and Koen Reesink and Dana Georgevsky and Tammo Delhaas and Alberto Avolio and Mark Butlin",

note = "Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.; Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology Conference 2017 : ARTERY 2017 ; Conference date: 12-10-2017 Through 14-10-2017",

year = "2017",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.035",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

pages = "54",

journal = "Artery Research",

issn = "1872-9312",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Heart rate dependence of regional and local aortic pulse wave velocity in rats as a function of blood pressure

AU - Spronck, Bart

AU - Tan, Isabella

AU - Reesink, Koen

AU - Georgevsky, Dana

AU - Delhaas, Tammo

AU - Avolio, Alberto

AU - Butlin, Mark

N1 - Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2017/12

Y1 - 2017/12

N2 - Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is quantified by time difference of arrival of the blood pressure (BP) wave at two sites along the arterial bed (transit time; TT-PWV), or by combining measured arterial pressure and diameter using the Bramwell-Hill equation (BH-PWV). Besides the dependence of PWV on BP, TT-PWV also depends on heart rate (HR). The present study aimed to also quantify the dependence of BH-PWV’s on HR, as a function of diastolic BP (DBP).Methods: Adult anaesthetised rats (n = 24) were randomly paced at 300–500 bpm, at 50-bpm steps. At each step, aortic TT-PWV (two pressure-tip catheters) and BH-PWV (pressure-tip catheter and ultrasound wall-tracking; abdominal aorta) were measured simultaneously, across a pharmacologically induced DBP range of 60–110 mmHg.Data from 9142 heart beats was analysed using mixed-effects modelling.Results: HR dependence of TT-PWV increased from 0.03 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 mmHg to 0.06 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 110 mmHg (both p ≤ 0.023). HR dependence of BH-PWV was 0.11 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 and 85 mmHg, but paradoxically decreased to 0 at DBP = 110 mmHg (p = 0.686). This decrease in dependence is explicable in that standard BH-PWV uses an approximate derivative of pressure to diameter, which overestimates PWV with increasing pulse pressure (PP). PP decreases as HR increases, potentially causing a BH-PWV decrease with HR. This effect can be overcome by estimating the full pressure-diameter curve for each HR, and calculating the true derivative at DBP, yielding a BH-PWV that no longer shows significant HR dependence (p ≥ 0.076 at all DBPs).Conclusions: BH-PWV and TT-PWV show a different HR dependence, affected by DBP.

AB - Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is quantified by time difference of arrival of the blood pressure (BP) wave at two sites along the arterial bed (transit time; TT-PWV), or by combining measured arterial pressure and diameter using the Bramwell-Hill equation (BH-PWV). Besides the dependence of PWV on BP, TT-PWV also depends on heart rate (HR). The present study aimed to also quantify the dependence of BH-PWV’s on HR, as a function of diastolic BP (DBP).Methods: Adult anaesthetised rats (n = 24) were randomly paced at 300–500 bpm, at 50-bpm steps. At each step, aortic TT-PWV (two pressure-tip catheters) and BH-PWV (pressure-tip catheter and ultrasound wall-tracking; abdominal aorta) were measured simultaneously, across a pharmacologically induced DBP range of 60–110 mmHg.Data from 9142 heart beats was analysed using mixed-effects modelling.Results: HR dependence of TT-PWV increased from 0.03 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 mmHg to 0.06 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 110 mmHg (both p ≤ 0.023). HR dependence of BH-PWV was 0.11 m/s/100 bpm at DBP = 60 and 85 mmHg, but paradoxically decreased to 0 at DBP = 110 mmHg (p = 0.686). This decrease in dependence is explicable in that standard BH-PWV uses an approximate derivative of pressure to diameter, which overestimates PWV with increasing pulse pressure (PP). PP decreases as HR increases, potentially causing a BH-PWV decrease with HR. This effect can be overcome by estimating the full pressure-diameter curve for each HR, and calculating the true derivative at DBP, yielding a BH-PWV that no longer shows significant HR dependence (p ≥ 0.076 at all DBPs).Conclusions: BH-PWV and TT-PWV show a different HR dependence, affected by DBP.

U2 - 10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.035

DO - 10.1016/j.artres.2017.10.035

M3 - Meeting abstract

SN - 1872-9312

VL - 20

SP - 54

JO - Artery Research

JF - Artery Research

IS - C

M1 - 3.5

T2 - Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology Conference 2017

Y2 - 12 October 2017 through 14 October 2017

ER -

Heart rate dependence of regional and local aortic pulse wave velocity in rats as a function of blood pressure

Abstract

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