Host sweet host: rodent communities support similar ectoparasite diversity regardless of anthropogenic disturbance

Margarita Gil-Fernández*, Margarita Vargas-Sandoval, Christian A. Delfín-Alfonso, Eduardo Mendoza, Oscar Godínez-Gómez, Nancy K. Jiménez-Lara, M. Cristina MacSwiney G., Alexandra Carthey, Arnulfo Blanco-García, Johannes J. Le Roux

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Rodents are important hosts for ectoparasites, such as fleas, ticks, and mites, which means they are also important intermediate hosts for many zoonotic diseases. As anthropogenic environments bring humans and rodents into closer contact, an understanding of host–ectoparasite ecology is essential to predict and manage disease spillover risks. We aimed to understand how disturbances in vegetation cover affect rodent ectoparasite diversity, prevalence, spatial segregation, host (i.e., sex, genus, size, and habitat domain), and environmental (i.e., vegetation structure, forest cover, and rainfall) variables in the state of Michoacan, Mexico. We investigated these relationships by trapping rodents in five paired disturbed (reduced vegetation cover and regular human activities) and undisturbed (no reduction in vegetation cover) sites in the summer and autumn of 2022. From 110 trapped rodents, we collected 138 ectoparasites on 38 individuals. We found no difference in rodent diversity, ectoparasite diversity, or ectoparasite prevalence between disturbed and undisturbed sites. However, arboreal and male rodents had a higher probability of carrying ectoparasites than ground-dwelling and female rodents. Rodents with ectoparasites were not spatially clustered; rather, they were randomly distributed across trapping grids. We also identified two rodent genera (Rattus and Sigmodon) that carry ectoparasites of medical importance and that are in close contact with humans. Our results highlight the necessity of constant monitoring of rodents, ectoparasites, and their associated transmittable diseases. Assessing these interactions and how they are affected by anthropogenic disturbance could better inform management decisions and support the need for rodent conservation programmes in the area.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)537-552
Number of pages16
JournalJournal of Applied Entomology
Volume148
Issue number5
Early online date7 Mar 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2024

Bibliographical note

Copyright the Author(s) 2024. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

  • ectoparasite communities
  • ectoparasite prevalence
  • host–ectoparasite ecology
  • spatial segregation
  • transmission
  • vegetation cover disturbance

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