Interspecific audience effects on the alarm-calling behaviour of a kleptoparasitic bird

Amanda R. Ridley*, Matthew F. Child, Matthew B V Bell

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    55 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Audience effects are increasingly recognized as an important aspect of intraspecific communication. Yet despite the common occurrence of interspecific interactions and considerable evidence that individuals respond to the calls of heterospecifics, empirical evidence for interspecific audience effects on signalling behaviour is lacking. Here we present evidence of an interspecific audience effect on the alarm-calling behaviour of the kleptoparasitic fork-tailed drongo (Dicrurus adsimilis). When foraging solitarily, drongos regularly alarm at aerial predators, but rarely alarm at terrestrial predators. In contrast, when drongos are following terrestrially foraging pied babblers (Turdoides bicolor) for kleptoparasitic opportunities, they consistently give alarm calls to both aerial and terrestrial predators. This change occurs despite no difference in the amount of time that drongos spend foraging terrestrially. Babblers respond to drongo alarm calls by fleeing to cover, providing drongos with opportunities to steal babbler food items by occasionally giving false alarm calls. This provides an example of an interspecific audience effect on alarm-calling behaviour that may be explained by the benefits received from audience response.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)589-591
    Number of pages3
    JournalBiology Letters
    Volume3
    Issue number6
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 22 Dec 2007

    Keywords

    • Alarm calls
    • Audience effect
    • Fork-tailed drongo
    • Kleptoparasitism
    • Pied babbler

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