K-factor estimation in shadowed Ricean mobile communication channels

In this paper, a composite model for the received signal at the mobile unit is used to derive new moment-based estimators for the Ricean K-factor when shadowing is present. The results are then used to analytically evaluate the performance of the previously proposed moment-based estimators for K. It is proven that unlike existing moment-based estimators, the proposed estimators perform well in the presence of shadowing. Using simulations, it is also shown that the mean-squared error of the proposed estimators is significantly lower than that of the previously proposed estimators.