Keck/MOSFIRE spectroscopic confirmation of a virgo-like cluster ancestor at z=2.095

Tiantian Yuan; Themiya Nanayakkara; Glenn G. Kacprzak; Kim-Vy H. Tran; Karl Glazebrook; Lisa J. Kewley; Lee R. Spitler; Gregory B. Poole; Ivo Labbé; Caroline M. S. Straatman; Adam R. Tomczak

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20

Keck/MOSFIRE spectroscopic confirmation of a virgo-like cluster ancestor at z=2.095

Tiantian Yuan^*, Themiya Nanayakkara, Glenn G. Kacprzak, Kim-Vy H. Tran, Karl Glazebrook, Lisa J. Kewley, Lee R. Spitler, Gregory B. Poole, Ivo Labbé, Caroline M. S. Straatman, Adam R. Tomczak

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

We present spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster at z = 2.095 in the COSMOS field. This galaxy cluster was first reported in the ZFOURGE survey as harboring evolved massive galaxies using photometric redshifts derived with deep near-infrared (NIR) medium-band filters. We obtain medium-resolution (R ∼ 3600) NIR spectroscopy with MOSFIRE on the Keck 1 telescope and secure 180 redshifts in a 12′ x 12′ region. We find a prominent spike of 57 galaxies at z = 2.095 corresponding to the galaxy cluster. The cluster velocity dispersion is measured to be σ_v1D = 552 ± 52 km s^-1. This is the first study of a galaxy cluster in this redshift range (z ≳ 2.0) with the combination of spectral resolution (∼26 km s^-1) and the number of confirmed members (>50) needed to impose a meaningful constraint on the cluster velocity dispersion and map its members over a large field of view. Our ΛCDM cosmological simulation suggests that this cluster will most likely evolve into a Virgo-like cluster with M_vir = 10^14.4±0.3 M_⊙ (68% confidence) at z ∼ 0. The theoretical probability of finding such a cluster is ∼4%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of studying galaxy clusters at z > 2 in the same detailed manner using multi-object NIR spectrographs as has been done in the optical in lower-redshift clusters.

Original language	English
Article number	L20
Pages (from-to)	1-6
Number of pages	6
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	795
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2014

Bibliographical note

Copyright the American Astronomical Society. First published in Astrophysical journal letters, volume 795, issue 1, article L20. The original publication is available at http://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20, published by IOP Publishing. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

galaxies: clusters: general
galaxies: high-redshift
large-scale structure of universe

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10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20

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@article{2042040985d947e09789fd9a131ede32,

title = "Keck/MOSFIRE spectroscopic confirmation of a virgo-like cluster ancestor at z=2.095",

abstract = "We present spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster at z = 2.095 in the COSMOS field. This galaxy cluster was first reported in the ZFOURGE survey as harboring evolved massive galaxies using photometric redshifts derived with deep near-infrared (NIR) medium-band filters. We obtain medium-resolution (R ∼ 3600) NIR spectroscopy with MOSFIRE on the Keck 1 telescope and secure 180 redshifts in a 12′ x 12′ region. We find a prominent spike of 57 galaxies at z = 2.095 corresponding to the galaxy cluster. The cluster velocity dispersion is measured to be σv1D = 552 ± 52 km s-1. This is the first study of a galaxy cluster in this redshift range (z ≳ 2.0) with the combination of spectral resolution (∼26 km s-1) and the number of confirmed members (>50) needed to impose a meaningful constraint on the cluster velocity dispersion and map its members over a large field of view. Our ΛCDM cosmological simulation suggests that this cluster will most likely evolve into a Virgo-like cluster with Mvir = 1014.4±0.3 M⊙ (68% confidence) at z ∼ 0. The theoretical probability of finding such a cluster is ∼4%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of studying galaxy clusters at z > 2 in the same detailed manner using multi-object NIR spectrographs as has been done in the optical in lower-redshift clusters.",

keywords = "galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: high-redshift, large-scale structure of universe",

author = "Tiantian Yuan and Themiya Nanayakkara and Kacprzak, {Glenn G.} and Tran, {Kim-Vy H.} and Karl Glazebrook and Kewley, {Lisa J.} and Spitler, {Lee R.} and Poole, {Gregory B.} and Ivo Labb{\'e} and Straatman, {Caroline M. S.} and Tomczak, {Adam R.}",

note = "Copyright the American Astronomical Society. First published in Astrophysical journal letters, volume 795, issue 1, article L20. The original publication is available at http://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20, published by IOP Publishing. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",

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AU - Yuan, Tiantian

AU - Nanayakkara, Themiya

AU - Kacprzak, Glenn G.

AU - Tran, Kim-Vy H.

AU - Glazebrook, Karl

AU - Kewley, Lisa J.

AU - Spitler, Lee R.

AU - Poole, Gregory B.

AU - Labbé, Ivo

AU - Straatman, Caroline M. S.

AU - Tomczak, Adam R.

N1 - Copyright the American Astronomical Society. First published in Astrophysical journal letters, volume 795, issue 1, article L20. The original publication is available at http://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L20, published by IOP Publishing. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2014/11/1

Y1 - 2014/11/1

N2 - We present spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster at z = 2.095 in the COSMOS field. This galaxy cluster was first reported in the ZFOURGE survey as harboring evolved massive galaxies using photometric redshifts derived with deep near-infrared (NIR) medium-band filters. We obtain medium-resolution (R ∼ 3600) NIR spectroscopy with MOSFIRE on the Keck 1 telescope and secure 180 redshifts in a 12′ x 12′ region. We find a prominent spike of 57 galaxies at z = 2.095 corresponding to the galaxy cluster. The cluster velocity dispersion is measured to be σv1D = 552 ± 52 km s-1. This is the first study of a galaxy cluster in this redshift range (z ≳ 2.0) with the combination of spectral resolution (∼26 km s-1) and the number of confirmed members (>50) needed to impose a meaningful constraint on the cluster velocity dispersion and map its members over a large field of view. Our ΛCDM cosmological simulation suggests that this cluster will most likely evolve into a Virgo-like cluster with Mvir = 1014.4±0.3 M⊙ (68% confidence) at z ∼ 0. The theoretical probability of finding such a cluster is ∼4%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of studying galaxy clusters at z > 2 in the same detailed manner using multi-object NIR spectrographs as has been done in the optical in lower-redshift clusters.

AB - We present spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy cluster at z = 2.095 in the COSMOS field. This galaxy cluster was first reported in the ZFOURGE survey as harboring evolved massive galaxies using photometric redshifts derived with deep near-infrared (NIR) medium-band filters. We obtain medium-resolution (R ∼ 3600) NIR spectroscopy with MOSFIRE on the Keck 1 telescope and secure 180 redshifts in a 12′ x 12′ region. We find a prominent spike of 57 galaxies at z = 2.095 corresponding to the galaxy cluster. The cluster velocity dispersion is measured to be σv1D = 552 ± 52 km s-1. This is the first study of a galaxy cluster in this redshift range (z ≳ 2.0) with the combination of spectral resolution (∼26 km s-1) and the number of confirmed members (>50) needed to impose a meaningful constraint on the cluster velocity dispersion and map its members over a large field of view. Our ΛCDM cosmological simulation suggests that this cluster will most likely evolve into a Virgo-like cluster with Mvir = 1014.4±0.3 M⊙ (68% confidence) at z ∼ 0. The theoretical probability of finding such a cluster is ∼4%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of studying galaxy clusters at z > 2 in the same detailed manner using multi-object NIR spectrographs as has been done in the optical in lower-redshift clusters.

KW - galaxies: clusters: general

KW - galaxies: high-redshift

KW - large-scale structure of universe

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JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

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ER -

Keck/MOSFIRE spectroscopic confirmation of a virgo-like cluster ancestor at z=2.095

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