LoEar: push the range limit of acoustic sensing for vital sign monitoring

Lei Wang, Wei Li, Ke Sun, Fusang Zhang, Tao Gu, Chenren Xu, Daqing Zhang*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Acoustic sensing has been explored in numerous applications leveraging the wide deployment of acoustic-enabled devices. However, most of the existing acoustic sensing systems work in a very short range only due to fast attenuation of ultrasonic signals, hindering their real-world deployment. In this paper, we present a novel acoustic sensing system using only a single microphone and speaker, named LoEar, to detect vital signs (respiration and heartbeat) with a significantly increased sensing range. We first develop a model, namely Carrierforming, to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) via coherent superposition across multiple subcarriers on the target path. We then propose a novel technique called Continuous-MUSIC (Continuous-MUltiple SIgnal Classification) to detect a dynamic reflections, containing subtle motion, and further identify the target user based on the frequency distribution to enable Carrierforming. Finally, we adopt an adaptive Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) comb notch filter to recover the heartbeat pattern from the Channel Frequency Response (CFR) measurements which are dominated by respiration and further develop a peak-based scheme to estimate respiration rate and heart rate. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate our system, and results show that our system outperforms the state-of-the-art using commercial devices, i.e., the range of respiration sensing is increased from 2 m to 7 m, and the range of heartbeat sensing is increased from 1.2 m to 6.5 m.

Original languageEnglish
Article number145
Pages (from-to)1-24
Number of pages24
JournalProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies
Volume6
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2022

Keywords

  • Acoustic sensing
  • Vital sign

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