Measuring, characterizing, and detecting facebook like farms

Muhammad Ikram, Lucky Onwuzurike, Shehroze Farooqi, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Arik Friedman, Guillaume Jourjon, Mohammed Ali Kaafar, M. Zubair Shafiq

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Online social networks offer convenient ways to reach out to large audiences. In particular, Facebook pages are increasingly used by businesses, brands, and organizations to connect with multitudes of users worldwide. As the number of likes of a page has become a de-facto measure of its popularity and profitability, an underground market of services artificially inflating page likes ("like farms") has emerged alongside Facebook's official targeted advertising platform. Nonetheless, besides a fewmedia reports, there is littlework that systematically analyzes Facebook pages' promotion methods. Aiming to fill this gap, we present a honeypotbased comparative measurement study of page likes garnered via Facebook advertising and from popular like farms. First, we analyze likes based on demographic, temporal, and social characteristics and find that some farms seem to be operated by bots and do not really try to hide the nature of their operations, while others follow a stealthier approach, mimicking regular users' behavior. Next, we look at fraud detection algorithms currently deployed by Facebook and show that they do not work well to detect stealthy farms that spread likes over longer timespans and like popular pages to mimic regular users. To overcome their limitations, we investigate the feasibility of timeline-based detection of like farm accounts, focusing on characterizing content generated by Facebook accounts on their timelines as an indicator of genuine versus fake social activity. We analyze a wide range of features extracted from timeline posts, which we group into two main categories: lexical and non-lexical.We find that like farm accounts tend to re-share content more often, use fewer words and poorer vocabulary, and more often generate duplicate comments and likes compared to normal users. Using relevant lexical and non-lexical features, we build a classifier to detect like farms accounts that achieves a precision higher than 99% and a 93% recall.

Original languageEnglish
Article number13
Pages (from-to)1-28
Number of pages28
JournalACM Transactions on Privacy and Security
Volume20
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Sept 2017
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • measurement
  • like farm detection
  • social networks
  • machine learning

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