TY - JOUR
T1 - Mesozoic–Cenozoic mafic magmatism in Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone, Zagros Orogen (Western Iran)
T2 - Geochemical and isotopic inferences from Middle Jurassic and Late Eocene gabbros
AU - Deevsalar, R.
AU - Shinjo, R.
AU - Ghaderi, M.
AU - Murata, M.
AU - Hoskin, P. W.O.
AU - Oshiro, S.
AU - Wang, K. L.
AU - Lee, H. Y.
AU - Neill, I.
PY - 2017/7/1
Y1 - 2017/7/1
N2 - One of the consequences of Neo-Tethys ocean subduction beneath the Central Iranian Micro-continent (CIMC) is the development of rare gabbroic intrusions in the Malayer–Boroujerd Plutonic Complex (MBPC) located in the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) of the Zagros Orogenic belt. The MBPC is a suite of extensive felsic and lesser mafic magmatic products in the northern SaSZ with geochemical signatures of arc-like magmatism during the Middle Jurassic (Ghorveh–Aligudarz arc) and intraplate type in the Late Eocene. Middle Jurassic gabbros (non-cumulate and cumulate) have low-Ti concentrations (<1 wt.%) and quite uniform isotopic compositions (initial 87Sr/86Sr: 0.7035–0.70593 and εNd(t): − 6.18 to − 0.7), enriched LILE relative to HFSE, variable fractionation between the LREE and HREE ((La/Yb)cn: 2.27–7.45) and both negative to positive Eu anomalies. These distinctive features of arc-type magmatism are consistent with a subduction-modified mantle source for these rocks. Trace element and REE models indicate ~ 15% melting of a metasomatized amphibole-bearing garnet-spinel lherzolite (garnet:spinel ~ 7:3) in the sub-arc mantle wedge. The cumulate gabbros and non-cumulates belong to common liquid line of descent, with complementary trace element patterns. Much of the variation between samples can be modeled by fractional crystallization (FC) of a common parent; only one cumulate gabbro from this suite exhibits isotopic evidence of contamination, probably by Rb-depleted crustal materials. The Late Eocene gabbros have relatively high-Ti (>1 wt.%) and display isotopically depleted Sr–Nd values (initial 87Sr/86Sr: 0.7044–0.7087, εNd(t): 1.9 –+3.2, barring one crustally-contaminated sample). OIB-like trace element characteristics such as enriched HFSE, and only minor enrichment of LILE and LREE, reflect a within-plate character and asthenospheric source. Trace element modeling indicates small degree melting (fmelting: 0.05) of upper mantle lherzolite (garnet:spinel ~ 3:1) followed by higher degree melting (fmelting: 0.15) at shallower depths (garnet:spinel ~ 4.5:2). The Eocene parental magma underwent FC of olivine and clinopyroxene. We propose that Eocene asthenospheric upwelling was triggered by slab tearing in response to slab-rollback, which is elsewhere reported to have triggered a ‘flare-up’ of extension-related magmatism across Iran. Three stages of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Ghorveh–Aligudarz arc segment of the N-SaSZ are represented by: 1) arc-like magmatism during active subduction of the Neo-Tethys seaway at Middle Jurassic, 2) magmatic quiescence during an interval of shallow-angle or highly oblique subduction during the Cretaceous–Paleocene, and 3) asthenosphere melting during slab tearing shortly before the onset of the Arabia–Eurasia collision.
AB - One of the consequences of Neo-Tethys ocean subduction beneath the Central Iranian Micro-continent (CIMC) is the development of rare gabbroic intrusions in the Malayer–Boroujerd Plutonic Complex (MBPC) located in the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) of the Zagros Orogenic belt. The MBPC is a suite of extensive felsic and lesser mafic magmatic products in the northern SaSZ with geochemical signatures of arc-like magmatism during the Middle Jurassic (Ghorveh–Aligudarz arc) and intraplate type in the Late Eocene. Middle Jurassic gabbros (non-cumulate and cumulate) have low-Ti concentrations (<1 wt.%) and quite uniform isotopic compositions (initial 87Sr/86Sr: 0.7035–0.70593 and εNd(t): − 6.18 to − 0.7), enriched LILE relative to HFSE, variable fractionation between the LREE and HREE ((La/Yb)cn: 2.27–7.45) and both negative to positive Eu anomalies. These distinctive features of arc-type magmatism are consistent with a subduction-modified mantle source for these rocks. Trace element and REE models indicate ~ 15% melting of a metasomatized amphibole-bearing garnet-spinel lherzolite (garnet:spinel ~ 7:3) in the sub-arc mantle wedge. The cumulate gabbros and non-cumulates belong to common liquid line of descent, with complementary trace element patterns. Much of the variation between samples can be modeled by fractional crystallization (FC) of a common parent; only one cumulate gabbro from this suite exhibits isotopic evidence of contamination, probably by Rb-depleted crustal materials. The Late Eocene gabbros have relatively high-Ti (>1 wt.%) and display isotopically depleted Sr–Nd values (initial 87Sr/86Sr: 0.7044–0.7087, εNd(t): 1.9 –+3.2, barring one crustally-contaminated sample). OIB-like trace element characteristics such as enriched HFSE, and only minor enrichment of LILE and LREE, reflect a within-plate character and asthenospheric source. Trace element modeling indicates small degree melting (fmelting: 0.05) of upper mantle lherzolite (garnet:spinel ~ 3:1) followed by higher degree melting (fmelting: 0.15) at shallower depths (garnet:spinel ~ 4.5:2). The Eocene parental magma underwent FC of olivine and clinopyroxene. We propose that Eocene asthenospheric upwelling was triggered by slab tearing in response to slab-rollback, which is elsewhere reported to have triggered a ‘flare-up’ of extension-related magmatism across Iran. Three stages of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Ghorveh–Aligudarz arc segment of the N-SaSZ are represented by: 1) arc-like magmatism during active subduction of the Neo-Tethys seaway at Middle Jurassic, 2) magmatic quiescence during an interval of shallow-angle or highly oblique subduction during the Cretaceous–Paleocene, and 3) asthenosphere melting during slab tearing shortly before the onset of the Arabia–Eurasia collision.
KW - Zagros Orogen
KW - Neo-Tethys Ocean
KW - gabbro
KW - trace element modeling
KW - convecting enriched asthenosphere
KW - mantle wedge
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85020076024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.lithos.2017.05.009
DO - 10.1016/j.lithos.2017.05.009
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85020076024
SN - 0024-4937
VL - 284-285
SP - 588
EP - 607
JO - Lithos
JF - Lithos
ER -