Multifactor pattern implicit authentication

Passwords are the most commonly used method to provide secure access to user accounts. However, text and pattern passwords are vulnerable to different attacks, such as shoulder-surfing attacks, guessing attacks, and smudge attacks. To resist these attacks, this article proposes an operational grid (OP-Grid) technique: an implicit graphical authentication scheme having different patterns on every login session. With a one-time login pointer, the user creates his/her password pattern. A legitimate user is authenticated not only through the user-created pattern but also the way the user performs it using finger velocity and stroke time features. OP-Grid is implemented on Android cell phones, samples are gathered from 33 volunteers, and the experimental study is carried out to evaluate its accuracy and usability.