Passivation of grain boundaries by phenethylammonium in formamidinium-methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells

Da Seul Lee; Jae Sung Yun; Jincheol Kim; Arman Mahboubi Soufiani; Sheng Chen; Yongyoon Cho; Xiaofan Deng; Jan Seidel; Sean Lim; Shujuan Huang; Anita W. Y. Ho-Baillie

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00121

Passivation of grain boundaries by phenethylammonium in formamidinium-methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells

Da Seul Lee, Jae Sung Yun, Jincheol Kim, Arman Mahboubi Soufiani, Sheng Chen, Yongyoon Cho, Xiaofan Deng, Jan Seidel, Sean Lim, Shujuan Huang, Anita W. Y. Ho-Baillie^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

302 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this work, we report the benefits of incorporating phenethylammonium cation (PEA⁺) into (HC(NH₂)₂PbI₃)_0.85(CH₃NH₃PbBr₃)_0.15 perovskite for the first time. After adding small amounts of PEA cation (<10%), the perovskite film morphology is changed but, most importantly, grain boundaries are passivated. This is supported by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). The passivation results in the increase in photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetimes of test structures and open-circuit voltages (V_OC) of the devices as long as the addition of PEA⁺ is ≤4.5%. The presence of higher-band-gap quasi-2D PEA incorporated perovskite is responsible for the grain boundary passivation, and the quasi-2D perovskites are also found to be concentrated near the TiO₂ layer, revealed by PL spectroscopy. Results of moisture exposure tests show that PEA⁺ incorporation is effective in slowing down the degradation of unencapsulated devices compared to the control devices without PEA⁺. These findings provide insights into the operation of perovskite solar cells when large cations are incorporated.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	647-654
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	3
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00121
Publication status	Published - 9 Mar 2018
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

THIN-FILMS
MOISTURE-TOLERANT
LIGHT ABSORBERS
PERFORMANCE
EFFICIENT
IODIDE
DEGRADATION
STABILITY
AMMONIUM
WATER

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10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00121

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title = "Passivation of grain boundaries by phenethylammonium in formamidinium-methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells",

abstract = "In this work, we report the benefits of incorporating phenethylammonium cation (PEA+) into (HC(NH2)2PbI3)0.85(CH3NH3PbBr3)0.15 perovskite for the first time. After adding small amounts of PEA cation (<10%), the perovskite film morphology is changed but, most importantly, grain boundaries are passivated. This is supported by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). The passivation results in the increase in photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetimes of test structures and open-circuit voltages (VOC) of the devices as long as the addition of PEA+ is ≤4.5%. The presence of higher-band-gap quasi-2D PEA incorporated perovskite is responsible for the grain boundary passivation, and the quasi-2D perovskites are also found to be concentrated near the TiO2 layer, revealed by PL spectroscopy. Results of moisture exposure tests show that PEA+ incorporation is effective in slowing down the degradation of unencapsulated devices compared to the control devices without PEA+. These findings provide insights into the operation of perovskite solar cells when large cations are incorporated.",

keywords = "THIN-FILMS, MOISTURE-TOLERANT, LIGHT ABSORBERS, PERFORMANCE, EFFICIENT, IODIDE, DEGRADATION, STABILITY, AMMONIUM, WATER",

author = "Lee, {Da Seul} and Yun, {Jae Sung} and Jincheol Kim and Soufiani, {Arman Mahboubi} and Sheng Chen and Yongyoon Cho and Xiaofan Deng and Jan Seidel and Sean Lim and Shujuan Huang and Ho-Baillie, {Anita W. Y.}",

year = "2018",

month = mar,

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doi = "10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00121",

language = "English",

volume = "3",

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journal = "ACS Energy Letters",

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publisher = "American Chemical Society",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Passivation of grain boundaries by phenethylammonium in formamidinium-methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells

AU - Lee, Da Seul

AU - Yun, Jae Sung

AU - Kim, Jincheol

AU - Soufiani, Arman Mahboubi

AU - Chen, Sheng

AU - Cho, Yongyoon

AU - Deng, Xiaofan

AU - Seidel, Jan

AU - Lim, Sean

AU - Huang, Shujuan

AU - Ho-Baillie, Anita W. Y.

PY - 2018/3/9

Y1 - 2018/3/9

N2 - In this work, we report the benefits of incorporating phenethylammonium cation (PEA+) into (HC(NH2)2PbI3)0.85(CH3NH3PbBr3)0.15 perovskite for the first time. After adding small amounts of PEA cation (<10%), the perovskite film morphology is changed but, most importantly, grain boundaries are passivated. This is supported by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). The passivation results in the increase in photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetimes of test structures and open-circuit voltages (VOC) of the devices as long as the addition of PEA+ is ≤4.5%. The presence of higher-band-gap quasi-2D PEA incorporated perovskite is responsible for the grain boundary passivation, and the quasi-2D perovskites are also found to be concentrated near the TiO2 layer, revealed by PL spectroscopy. Results of moisture exposure tests show that PEA+ incorporation is effective in slowing down the degradation of unencapsulated devices compared to the control devices without PEA+. These findings provide insights into the operation of perovskite solar cells when large cations are incorporated.

AB - In this work, we report the benefits of incorporating phenethylammonium cation (PEA+) into (HC(NH2)2PbI3)0.85(CH3NH3PbBr3)0.15 perovskite for the first time. After adding small amounts of PEA cation (<10%), the perovskite film morphology is changed but, most importantly, grain boundaries are passivated. This is supported by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). The passivation results in the increase in photoluminescence intensity and carrier lifetimes of test structures and open-circuit voltages (VOC) of the devices as long as the addition of PEA+ is ≤4.5%. The presence of higher-band-gap quasi-2D PEA incorporated perovskite is responsible for the grain boundary passivation, and the quasi-2D perovskites are also found to be concentrated near the TiO2 layer, revealed by PL spectroscopy. Results of moisture exposure tests show that PEA+ incorporation is effective in slowing down the degradation of unencapsulated devices compared to the control devices without PEA+. These findings provide insights into the operation of perovskite solar cells when large cations are incorporated.

KW - THIN-FILMS

KW - MOISTURE-TOLERANT

KW - LIGHT ABSORBERS

KW - PERFORMANCE

KW - EFFICIENT

KW - IODIDE

KW - DEGRADATION

KW - STABILITY

KW - AMMONIUM

KW - WATER

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JO - ACS Energy Letters

JF - ACS Energy Letters

IS - 3

ER -

Passivation of grain boundaries by phenethylammonium in formamidinium-methylammonium lead halide perovskite solar cells

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