PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics

Ross Moore

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14

PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics

Ross Moore^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceeding contribution › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Including LATEX source of mathematical expressions, within the PDF document of a text-book or research paper, has definite benefits regarding 'Accessibility' considerations. Here we describe three ways in which this can be done, fully compatibly with international standards ISO 32000, ISO 19005-3, and the forthcoming ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0). Two methods use embedded files, also known as 'attachments', holding information in either LATEX or MathML formats, but use different PDF structures to relate these attachments to regions of the document window. One uses structure, so is applicable to a fully 'Tagged PDF' context, while the other uses /AF tagging of the relevant content. The third method requires no tagging at all, instead including the source coding as the /ActualText relacement of a so-called 'fake space'. Information provided this way is extracted via simple Select/Copy/Paste actions, and is available to existing screen-reading software and assistive technologies.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings
Editors	Stephen M. Watt, James H. Davenport, Alan P. Sexton, Petr Sojka, Josef Urban
Place of Publication	Cham
Publisher	Springer, Springer Nature
Pages	184-199
Number of pages	16
Volume	8543 LNAI
ISBN (Print)	9783319084336
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14
Publication status	Published - 2014
Event	2014 International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics, CICM 2014 - Coimbra, Portugal Duration: 7 Jul 2014 → 11 Jul 2014

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	8543 LNAI
ISSN (Print)	03029743
ISSN (Electronic)	16113349

Other

Other	2014 International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics, CICM 2014
Country/Territory	Portugal
City	Coimbra
Period	7/07/14 → 11/07/14

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14

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Moore, R. (2014). PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics. In S. M. Watt, J. H. Davenport, A. P. Sexton, P. Sojka, & J. Urban (Eds.), Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings (Vol. 8543 LNAI, pp. 184-199). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 8543 LNAI). Springer, Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14

Moore, Ross. / PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics. Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings. editor / Stephen M. Watt ; James H. Davenport ; Alan P. Sexton ; Petr Sojka ; Josef Urban. Vol. 8543 LNAI Cham : Springer, Springer Nature, 2014. pp. 184-199 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)).

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title = "PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics",

abstract = "Including LATEX source of mathematical expressions, within the PDF document of a text-book or research paper, has definite benefits regarding 'Accessibility' considerations. Here we describe three ways in which this can be done, fully compatibly with international standards ISO 32000, ISO 19005-3, and the forthcoming ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0). Two methods use embedded files, also known as 'attachments', holding information in either LATEX or MathML formats, but use different PDF structures to relate these attachments to regions of the document window. One uses structure, so is applicable to a fully 'Tagged PDF' context, while the other uses /AF tagging of the relevant content. The third method requires no tagging at all, instead including the source coding as the /ActualText relacement of a so-called 'fake space'. Information provided this way is extracted via simple Select/Copy/Paste actions, and is available to existing screen-reading software and assistive technologies.",

author = "Ross Moore",

year = "2014",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14",

language = "English",

isbn = "9783319084336",

volume = "8543 LNAI",

series = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",

publisher = "Springer, Springer Nature",

pages = "184--199",

editor = "Watt, {Stephen M.} and Davenport, {James H.} and Sexton, {Alan P.} and Petr Sojka and Josef Urban",

booktitle = "Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings",

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note = "2014 International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics, CICM 2014 ; Conference date: 07-07-2014 Through 11-07-2014",

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Moore, R 2014, PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics. in SM Watt, JH Davenport, AP Sexton, P Sojka & J Urban (eds), Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings. vol. 8543 LNAI, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 8543 LNAI, Springer, Springer Nature, Cham, pp. 184-199, 2014 International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics, CICM 2014, Coimbra, Portugal, 7/07/14. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14

PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics. / Moore, Ross.
Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings. ed. / Stephen M. Watt; James H. Davenport; Alan P. Sexton; Petr Sojka; Josef Urban. Vol. 8543 LNAI Cham: Springer, Springer Nature, 2014. p. 184-199 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 8543 LNAI).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceeding contribution › peer-review

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AB - Including LATEX source of mathematical expressions, within the PDF document of a text-book or research paper, has definite benefits regarding 'Accessibility' considerations. Here we describe three ways in which this can be done, fully compatibly with international standards ISO 32000, ISO 19005-3, and the forthcoming ISO 32000-2 (PDF 2.0). Two methods use embedded files, also known as 'attachments', holding information in either LATEX or MathML formats, but use different PDF structures to relate these attachments to regions of the document window. One uses structure, so is applicable to a fully 'Tagged PDF' context, while the other uses /AF tagging of the relevant content. The third method requires no tagging at all, instead including the source coding as the /ActualText relacement of a so-called 'fake space'. Information provided this way is extracted via simple Select/Copy/Paste actions, and is available to existing screen-reading software and assistive technologies.

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Moore R. PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics. In Watt SM, Davenport JH, Sexton AP, Sojka P, Urban J, editors, Intelligent Computer Mathematics - International Conference, CICM 2014, Proceedings. Vol. 8543 LNAI. Cham: Springer, Springer Nature. 2014. p. 184-199. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14

PDF/A-3u as an archival format for accessible mathematics

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CTAN update: pdfx v.1.6.3: PDF/X and PDF/A support for pdfTeX, LuaTeX and XeTeX

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