@article{2d48bc66618542c7aa5edbbdc02ac6ad,
title = "Performance of the ATLAS RPC detector and Level-1 muon barrel trigger at √s = 13 TeV",
abstract = "The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) employs a trigger system consisting of a first-level hardware trigger (L1) and a software-based high-level trigger. The L1 muon trigger system selects muon candidates, assigns them to the correct LHC bunch crossing and classifies them into one of six transverse-momentum threshold classes. The L1 muon trigger system uses resistive-plate chambers (RPCs) to generate the muon-induced trigger signals in the central (barrel) region of the ATLAS detector. The ATLAS RPCs are arranged in six concentric layers and operate in a toroidal magnetic field with a bending power of 1.5 to 5.5 Tm. The RPC detector consists of about 3700 gas volumes with a total surface area of more than 4000 m2. This paper reports on the performance of the RPC detector and L1 muon barrel trigger using 60.8 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment in 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Detector and trigger performance are studied using Z boson decays into a muon pair. Measurements of the RPC detector response, efficiency, and time resolution are reported. Measurements of the L1 muon barrel trigger efficiencies and rates are presented, along with measurements of the properties of the selected sample of muon candidates. Measurements of the RPC currents, counting rates and mean avalanche charge are performed using zero-bias collisions. Finally, RPC detector response and efficiency are studied at different high voltage and front-end discriminator threshold settings in order to extrapolate detector response to the higher luminosity expected for the High Luminosity LHC.",
keywords = "Gaseous detectors, Muon spectrometers, Resistive-plate chambers, Trigger detectors",
author = "{The ATLAS collaboration} and G. Aad and B. Abbott and Abbott, {D. C.} and Abud, {A. Abed} and K. Abeling and Abhayasinghe, {D. K.} and Abidi, {S. H.} and AbouZeid, {O. S.} and Abraham, {N. L.} and H. Abramowicz and H. Abreu and Y. Abulaiti and Acharya, {B. S.} and B. Achkar and L. Adam and Bourdarios, {C. Adam} and L. Adamczyk and L. Adamek and J. Adelman and M. Adersberger and A. Adiguzel and S. Adorni and T. Adye and Affolder, {A. A.} and Y. Afik and C. Agapopoulou and Agaras, {M. N.} and A. Aggarwal and C. Agheorghiesei and Aguilar-Saavedra, {J. A.} and A. Ahmad and F. Ahmadov and Ahmed, {W. S.} and X. Ai and G. Aielli and S. Akatsuka and M. Akbiyik and {\AA}kesson, {T. P.A.} and E. Akilli and Akimov, {A. V.} and {Al Khoury}, K. and Alberghi, {G. L.} and J. Albert and Verzini, {M. J.Alconada} and S. Alderweireldt and M. Aleksa and Aleksandrov, {I. N.} and C. Alexa and T. Alexopoulos and A. Alfonsi and F. Alfonsi and M. Alhroob and B. Ali and S. Ali and M. Aliev and G. Alimonti and C. Allaire and Allbrooke, {B. M.M.} and Allen, {B. W.} and Allport, {P. P.} and A. Aloisio and F. Alonso and C. Alpigiani and Camelia, {E. Alunno} and Estevez, {M. Alvarez} and Alviggi, {M. G.} and Coutinho, {Y. Amaral} and A. Ambler and L. Ambroz and C. Amelung and D. Amidei and {Dos Santos}, {S. P.Amor} and S. Amoroso and Amrouche, {C. S.} and F. An and C. Anastopoulos and N. Andari and T. Andeen and Anders, {J. K.} and Andrean, {S. Y.} and A. Andreazza and V. Andrei and Anelli, {C. R.} and S. Angelidakis and A. Angerami and Anisenkov, {A. V.} and A. Annovi and C. Antel and Anthony, {M. T.} and E. Antipov and M. Antonelli and Antrim, {D. J.A.} and F. Anulli and M. Aoki and Pozo, {J. A.Aparisi} and Aparo, {M. A.} and Bella, {L. Aperio} and Barrio, {N. Aranzabal} and Ferraz, {V. Araujo} and Pereira, {R. Araujo} and C. Arcangeletti and Arce, {A. T.H.} and Arduh, {F. A.} and Arguin, {J. F.} and S. Argyropoulos and Arling, {J. H.} and Armbruster, {A. J.} and A. Armstrong and O. Arnaez and H. Arnold and Tame, {Z. P.Arrubarrena} and G. Artoni and H. Asada and K. Asai and S. Asai and T. Asawatavonvanich and N. Asbah and Asimakopoulou, {E. M.} and L. Asquith and J. Assahsah and K. Assamagan and R. Astalos and Atkin, {R. J.} and M. Atkinson and Atlay, {N. B.} and H. Atmani and K. Augsten and Austrup, {V. A.} and G. Avolio and Ayoub, {M. K.} and G. Azuelos and D. Babal and H. Bachacou and K. Bachas and F. Backman and P. Bagnaia and M. Bahmani and H. Bahrasemani and Bailey, {A. J.} and Bailey, {V. R.} and Baines, {J. T.} and C. Bakalis and Baker, {O. K.} and Bakker, {P. J.} and E. Bakos and Gupta, {D. Bakshi} and S. Balaji and R. Balasubramanian and Baldin, {E. M.} and P. Balek and F. Balli and Balunas, {W. K.} and J. Balz and E. Banas and M. Bandieramonte and A. Bandyopadhyay and Sw Banerjee and L. Barak and Barbe, {W. M.} and Barberio, {E. L.} and D. Barberis and M. Barbero and G. Barbour and T. Barillari and Barisits, {M. S.} and J. Barkeloo and T. Barklow and R. Barnea and Barnett, {B. M.} and Barnett, {R. M.} and Z. Barnovska-Blenessy and A. Baroncelli and G. Barone and Barr, {A. J.} and Navarro, {L. Barranco} and F. Barreiro and {da Costa}, {J. Barreiro Guimar{\~a}es} and U. Barron and S. Barsov and F. Bartels and R. Bartoldus and G. Bartolini and Barton, {A. E.} and P. Bartos and A. Basalaev and A. Basan and A. Bassalat and Basso, {M. J.} and Bates, {R. L.} and S. Batlamous and Batley, {J. R.} and B. Batool and M. Battaglia and M. Bauce and F. Bauer and P. Bauer and Bawa, {H. S.} and A. Bayirli and Beacham, {J. B.} and T. Beau and Beauchemin, {P. H.} and F. Becherer and P. Bechtle and Beck, {H. C.} and Beck, {H. P.} and K. Becker and C. Becot and Beddall, {A. J.} and Beddall, {A. J.} and Bednyakov, {V. A.} and M. Bedognetti and Bee, {C. P.} and Beermann, {T. A.} and M. Begalli and M. Begel and A. Behera and Behr, {J. K.} and F. Beisiegel and M. Belfkir and Bell, {A. S.} and G. Bella and L. Bellagamba and A. Bellerive and P. Bellos and K. Beloborodov and K. Belotskiy and Belyaev, {N. L.} and D. Benchekroun and N. Benekos and Y. Benhammou and Benjamin, {D. P.} and M. Benoit and Bensinger, {J. R.} and S. Bentvelsen and L. Beresford and M. Beretta and D. Berge and Kuutmann, {E. Bergeaas} and N. Berger and B. Bergmann and Bergsten, {L. J.} and J. Beringer and S. Berlendis and G. Bernardi and C. Bernius and Bernlochner, {F. U.} and T. Berry and P. Berta and A. Berthold and J. Shojaii",
note = "Copyright the Author(s) 2021. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",
year = "2021",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/P07029",
language = "English",
volume = "16",
pages = "1--62",
journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
issn = "1748-0221",
publisher = "IOP Publishing",
number = "7",
}