TY - JOUR
T1 - Plant polyphenols as natural drugs for the management of Down syndrome and related disorders
AU - Vacca, Rosa Anna
AU - Valenti, Daniela
AU - Caccamese, Salvatore
AU - Daglia, Maria
AU - Braidy, Nady
AU - Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants largely found in fruits, vegetables, cereals and beverages, and therefore represent important constituents of the human diet. Increasing studies have demonstrated the potential beneficial effects of polyphenols on human health. Extensive reviews have discussed the protective effects of polyphenols against a series of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Limited studies have investigated the potential therapeutic effects of these natural compounds on neurodevelopmental disorders associated with intellectual disability, such as Down syndrome (DS), for which mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress are hallmarks and contribute to the deleterious symptoms and cognitive decline. This review, starting from the structure, source, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of relevant polyphenols, highlights recent studies on the effect and potential molecular mechanism(s) of action of the phenolic compounds epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol and hydroxytyrosol in restoring mitochondrial energy deficit and in reversing phenotypical alteration in DS. The clinical implications of plant polyphenol dietary supplements as therapeutic tools in managing DS and other intellectual disability-related diseases, is also discussed.
AB - Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants largely found in fruits, vegetables, cereals and beverages, and therefore represent important constituents of the human diet. Increasing studies have demonstrated the potential beneficial effects of polyphenols on human health. Extensive reviews have discussed the protective effects of polyphenols against a series of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Limited studies have investigated the potential therapeutic effects of these natural compounds on neurodevelopmental disorders associated with intellectual disability, such as Down syndrome (DS), for which mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative stress are hallmarks and contribute to the deleterious symptoms and cognitive decline. This review, starting from the structure, source, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of relevant polyphenols, highlights recent studies on the effect and potential molecular mechanism(s) of action of the phenolic compounds epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol and hydroxytyrosol in restoring mitochondrial energy deficit and in reversing phenotypical alteration in DS. The clinical implications of plant polyphenol dietary supplements as therapeutic tools in managing DS and other intellectual disability-related diseases, is also discussed.
KW - Down syndrome
KW - EGCG
KW - Hydroxytyrosol
KW - Intellectual disability
KW - Mitochondria
KW - Neurodevelopment diseases
KW - Neuroprotection
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Polyphenols
KW - Resveratrol
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84995757440&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.023
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.023
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27826066
AN - SCOPUS:84995757440
SN - 0149-7634
VL - 71
SP - 865
EP - 877
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -