Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the capacity of the Upper Limb Performance Analysis: Comparative Analysis of Performance-Motor (CAP-M) to quantify change in adults with focal spasticity following injection of Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX-A) as a focal treatment for positive Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) features.Methods: Twenty-three adults with moderate-to-severe spasticity were assessed pre- and post-BTX-A injection using CAP-M. Post-hoc video analysis of three sub-tests from the Action Research Arm Test were analysed against expected movements for each task.Results: Post-injection, spasticity as measured by Modified Ashworth and Tardieu Composite scores decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Grouped CAP-M data showed a significant reduction (z = 2.1-2.7, ES = 0.51-0.56) in positive UMN features, with 145 fewer Excessive movements recorded. In addition, 31 more Expected movements were demonstrated (z = 2.9, ES = 0.60), consistent with unmasking of movements.Conclusion: CAP-M analysis revealed that BTX-A injection decreased unwanted movement almost 5-times more frequently than unmasking hidden voluntary muscle activity during active simulated tasks. In this way, CAP-M was able to simultaneously assess positive and negative UMN features. This quantitative framework may have greater functional relevance than traditional uni-dimensional, passive spasticity measures such as MAS and Tardieu Scale.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1452-1459 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Brain Injury |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 15 Oct 2015 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Adult
- Botulinum toxin A
- measurement
- spasticity
- upper limb