Role of NAD+, oxidative stress, and tryptophan metabolism in autism spectrum disorders

Musthafa Mohamed Essa; Selvaraju Subash; Nady Braidy; Samir Al-Adawi; Chai K. Lim; Tamilarasan Manivasagam; Gilles J. Guillemin

doi:10.4137/IJTR.S11355

Role of NAD⁺, oxidative stress, and tryptophan metabolism in autism spectrum disorders

Musthafa Mohamed Essa^*, Selvaraju Subash, Nady Braidy, Samir Al-Adawi, Chai K. Lim, Tamilarasan Manivasagam, Gilles J. Guillemin

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neuro-developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, reduced/absent verbal and non-verbal communication, and repetitive behavior during early childhood. The etiology of this developmental disorder is poorly understood, and no biomarkers have been identified. Identification of novel biochemical markers related to autism would be advantageous for earlier clinical diagnosis and intervention. Studies suggest that oxidative stress-induced mechanisms and reduced antioxidant defense, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired energy metabolism (NAD⁺, NADH, ATP, pyruvate, and lactate), are major causes of ASD. This review provides renewed insight regarding current autism research related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered tryptophan metabolism in ASD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	15-28
Number of pages	14
Journal	International Journal of Tryptophan Research
Volume	6
Issue number	SUPPL.1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4137/IJTR.S11355
Publication status	Published - 2013

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Copyright the Author(s) 2013. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

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title = "Role of NAD+, oxidative stress, and tryptophan metabolism in autism spectrum disorders",

abstract = "Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neuro-developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, reduced/absent verbal and non-verbal communication, and repetitive behavior during early childhood. The etiology of this developmental disorder is poorly understood, and no biomarkers have been identified. Identification of novel biochemical markers related to autism would be advantageous for earlier clinical diagnosis and intervention. Studies suggest that oxidative stress-induced mechanisms and reduced antioxidant defense, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired energy metabolism (NAD+, NADH, ATP, pyruvate, and lactate), are major causes of ASD. This review provides renewed insight regarding current autism research related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered tryptophan metabolism in ASD.",

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AU - Essa, Musthafa Mohamed

AU - Subash, Selvaraju

AU - Braidy, Nady

AU - Al-Adawi, Samir

AU - Lim, Chai K.

AU - Manivasagam, Tamilarasan

AU - Guillemin, Gilles J.

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PY - 2013

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N2 - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neuro-developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, reduced/absent verbal and non-verbal communication, and repetitive behavior during early childhood. The etiology of this developmental disorder is poorly understood, and no biomarkers have been identified. Identification of novel biochemical markers related to autism would be advantageous for earlier clinical diagnosis and intervention. Studies suggest that oxidative stress-induced mechanisms and reduced antioxidant defense, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired energy metabolism (NAD+, NADH, ATP, pyruvate, and lactate), are major causes of ASD. This review provides renewed insight regarding current autism research related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered tryptophan metabolism in ASD.

AB - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neuro-developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, reduced/absent verbal and non-verbal communication, and repetitive behavior during early childhood. The etiology of this developmental disorder is poorly understood, and no biomarkers have been identified. Identification of novel biochemical markers related to autism would be advantageous for earlier clinical diagnosis and intervention. Studies suggest that oxidative stress-induced mechanisms and reduced antioxidant defense, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired energy metabolism (NAD+, NADH, ATP, pyruvate, and lactate), are major causes of ASD. This review provides renewed insight regarding current autism research related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered tryptophan metabolism in ASD.

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Role of NAD⁺, oxidative stress, and tryptophan metabolism in autism spectrum disorders

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