Single-layer polarization-insensitive frequency selective surface for beam reconfigurability of monopole antennas

In this paper, a miniaturized single band-stop frequency selective surface (FSS) with higher order of angular stability and polarization insensitivity is utilized to reconfigure the radiation patterns of a monopole antenna, forming end-fire-like radiation patterns at 5.2 GHz. A mathematical analysis based on pattern multiplication is presented to suggest the arrangement of the FSS to achieve the end-fire-like radiation patterns from the monopole antenna. According to this analysis, the monopole radiator needs to be shielded from three sides, two parallel vertical sides and the top of the antenna. The FSS shows great angular stability with the incidence angle ranging from 0° to 80° for both TE and TM polarizations, resulting in stable end-fire-like radiation patterns when it is used with the monopole antenna. The monopole antenna along with the FSSs were fabricated and tested successfully, thus verifying the functionality of the FSSs in shaping the beam of the antenna.