Source-aware crisis-relevant tweet identification and key information summarization

Twitter is an important source of information that people frequently contribute to and rely on for emerging topics, public opinions, and event awareness. Crisis-relevant tweets can potentially avail a magnitude of applications such as helping authorities and governments become aware of situations and thus offer better responses. Onemajor challenge toward crisis-awareness in Twitter is to identify those tweets that are relevant to unseen crises. In this article, we propose an automatic labeling approach to distinguishing crisis-relevant tweets while differentiating source types (e.g., government or personal accounts) simultaneously. We first analyze and identify tweet-specific linguistic, sentimental, and emotional features based on statistical topic modeling. Then, we design a novel correlative convolutional neural network which uses a shared hidden layer to learn effective representations of the multi-faceted features. The model can discover salient information while being robust to the variations and noises in tweets and sources. To obtain a bird's-eye view of a crisis event, we further develop an approach to automatically summarize key information of identified tweets. Empirical evaluation on a real Twitter dataset demonstrates the feasibility of discerning relevant tweets for an unseen crisis. The applicability of our proposed approach is further demonstrated with a crisis aider system.