Stop saying that it is wrong! Psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive markers of children's Sensitivity to Punishment

Maria Luz Gonzalez-Gadea; Anouk Scheres; Carlos Andres Tobon; Juliane Damm; Sandra Baez; David Huepe; Julian Marino; Sandra Marder; Facundo Manes; Sofia Abrevaya; Agustin Ibanez

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133683

Stop saying that it is wrong! Psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive markers of children's Sensitivity to Punishment

Maria Luz Gonzalez-Gadea, Anouk Scheres, Carlos Andres Tobon, Juliane Damm, Sandra Baez, David Huepe, Julian Marino, Sandra Marder, Facundo Manes, Sofia Abrevaya, Agustin Ibanez^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

6 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental evidence suggests that children's main decision-making strategy is to avoid options likely to induce punishment. However, the cognitive and affective factors contributing to children's avoidance to high punishment frequency remain unknown. The present study explored psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive processes associated with sensitivity to punishment frequency. We evaluated 54 participants (between 8 and 15 years old) with a modified Iowa Gambling Task for children (IGT-C) which included options with varying long-Term profit and punishment frequencies. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded during this task. Additionally, we assessed IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, fluid intelligence, and executive functions. Participants exhibited behavioral avoidance and high anticipatory SCRs to options with high frequency of punishment. Moreover, age, IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, and inhibitory control were associated with individual differences in sensitivity to punishment frequency. Our results suggest that children's preference for infrequently punished decisions is partially explained by psychophysiological signals as well as task complexity and development of cognitive control.

Original language	English
Article number	0133683
Pages (from-to)	1-17
Number of pages	17
Journal	PLoS ONE
Volume	10
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133683
Publication status	Published - 28 Jul 2015
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Copyright the Author(s) 2015. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

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Publisher version (open access)Final published version, 1.03 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Stop saying that it is wrong! Psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive markers of children's Sensitivity to Punishment",

abstract = "Neurodevelopmental evidence suggests that children's main decision-making strategy is to avoid options likely to induce punishment. However, the cognitive and affective factors contributing to children's avoidance to high punishment frequency remain unknown. The present study explored psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive processes associated with sensitivity to punishment frequency. We evaluated 54 participants (between 8 and 15 years old) with a modified Iowa Gambling Task for children (IGT-C) which included options with varying long-Term profit and punishment frequencies. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded during this task. Additionally, we assessed IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, fluid intelligence, and executive functions. Participants exhibited behavioral avoidance and high anticipatory SCRs to options with high frequency of punishment. Moreover, age, IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, and inhibitory control were associated with individual differences in sensitivity to punishment frequency. Our results suggest that children's preference for infrequently punished decisions is partially explained by psychophysiological signals as well as task complexity and development of cognitive control.",

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AU - Gonzalez-Gadea, Maria Luz

AU - Scheres, Anouk

AU - Tobon, Carlos Andres

AU - Damm, Juliane

AU - Baez, Sandra

AU - Huepe, David

AU - Marino, Julian

AU - Marder, Sandra

AU - Manes, Facundo

AU - Abrevaya, Sofia

AU - Ibanez, Agustin

N1 - Copyright the Author(s) 2015. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2015/7/28

Y1 - 2015/7/28

N2 - Neurodevelopmental evidence suggests that children's main decision-making strategy is to avoid options likely to induce punishment. However, the cognitive and affective factors contributing to children's avoidance to high punishment frequency remain unknown. The present study explored psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive processes associated with sensitivity to punishment frequency. We evaluated 54 participants (between 8 and 15 years old) with a modified Iowa Gambling Task for children (IGT-C) which included options with varying long-Term profit and punishment frequencies. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded during this task. Additionally, we assessed IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, fluid intelligence, and executive functions. Participants exhibited behavioral avoidance and high anticipatory SCRs to options with high frequency of punishment. Moreover, age, IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, and inhibitory control were associated with individual differences in sensitivity to punishment frequency. Our results suggest that children's preference for infrequently punished decisions is partially explained by psychophysiological signals as well as task complexity and development of cognitive control.

AB - Neurodevelopmental evidence suggests that children's main decision-making strategy is to avoid options likely to induce punishment. However, the cognitive and affective factors contributing to children's avoidance to high punishment frequency remain unknown. The present study explored psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive processes associated with sensitivity to punishment frequency. We evaluated 54 participants (between 8 and 15 years old) with a modified Iowa Gambling Task for children (IGT-C) which included options with varying long-Term profit and punishment frequencies. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) were recorded during this task. Additionally, we assessed IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, fluid intelligence, and executive functions. Participants exhibited behavioral avoidance and high anticipatory SCRs to options with high frequency of punishment. Moreover, age, IGT-C metacognitive knowledge, and inhibitory control were associated with individual differences in sensitivity to punishment frequency. Our results suggest that children's preference for infrequently punished decisions is partially explained by psychophysiological signals as well as task complexity and development of cognitive control.

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Stop saying that it is wrong! Psychophysiological, cognitive, and metacognitive markers of children's Sensitivity to Punishment

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