System Design of the Keck Planet Finder

Steven R. Gibson; Andrew W. Howard; Kodi Rider; Samuel Halverson; Arpita Roy; Ashley D. Baker; Jerry Edelstein; Christopher Smith; Benjamin J. Fulton; Josh Walawender; Max Brodheim; Matthew Brown; Dwight Chan; Fei Dai; William Deich; Colby Gottschalk; Jason Grillo; David Hale; Grant Hill; Bradford Holden; Aaron Householder; Howard Isaacson; Yuzo Ishikawa; Sharon Jelinsky; Marc Kassis; Stephen Kaye; Russ Laher; Kyle Lanclos; Chien-Hsiu Lee; Scott Lilley; Ben McCarney; Timothy N. Miller; Joel Payne; Erik A. Petigura; Claire Poppett; Michael P. Raffanti; Ryan Rubenzahl; Dale Sanford; Christian Schwab; Abby P. Shaum; Martin M. Sirk; Roger Smith; Jim Thorne; John Valliant; Adam Vandenberg; Shin Ywan Wang; Edward H. Wishnow; Truman Wold; Sherry Yeh; Steve Baca; Charles Beichman; Bruce Berriman; Thomas Brown; Kelleen Casey; Jason Chin; James Chong; David Cowley; Mark Devenot; Hamza Elwir; Daniel Finstad; Matthew Fraysse; Ean James; Elisha Jhoti; Joe Killian; Obie Levine; Adela Chenyang Li; Eduardo Marin; Steve Milner; Craig Nance; Timothy J. O'Hanlon; Daniel Orr; Roberto Ortiz-Soto; Tom Payne; Jacob Pember; Gert Raskin; Maureen Savage; Andreas Seifahrt; Brett Smith; Rob Storesund; Julian Stuermer; Nick Suominen; Jerez Tehero; Tod Von Boeckmann; Keith Wages; Marie Weisfeiler; Mavourneen Wilcox; Peter Wizinowich; Anna Wolfenberger

doi:10.1117/12.3017841

System Design of the Keck Planet Finder

Steven R. Gibson^*, Andrew W. Howard, Kodi Rider, Samuel Halverson, Arpita Roy, Ashley D. Baker, Jerry Edelstein, Christopher Smith, Benjamin J. Fulton, Josh Walawender, Max Brodheim, Matthew Brown, Dwight Chan, Fei Dai, William Deich, Colby Gottschalk, Jason Grillo, David Hale, Grant Hill, Bradford HoldenAaron Householder, Howard Isaacson, Yuzo Ishikawa, Sharon Jelinsky, Marc Kassis, Stephen Kaye, Russ Laher, Kyle Lanclos, Chien-Hsiu Lee, Scott Lilley, Ben McCarney, Timothy N. Miller, Joel Payne, Erik A. Petigura, Claire Poppett, Michael P. Raffanti, Ryan Rubenzahl, Dale Sanford, Christian Schwab, Abby P. Shaum, Martin M. Sirk, Roger Smith, Jim Thorne, John Valliant, Adam Vandenberg, Shin Ywan Wang, Edward H. Wishnow, Truman Wold, Sherry Yeh, Steve Baca, Charles Beichman, Bruce Berriman, Thomas Brown, Kelleen Casey, Jason Chin, James Chong, David Cowley, Mark Devenot, Hamza Elwir, Daniel Finstad, Matthew Fraysse, Ean James, Elisha Jhoti, Joe Killian, Obie Levine, Adela Chenyang Li, Eduardo Marin, Steve Milner, Craig Nance, Timothy J. O'Hanlon, Daniel Orr, Roberto Ortiz-Soto, Tom Payne, Jacob Pember, Gert Raskin, Maureen Savage, Andreas Seifahrt, Brett Smith, Rob Storesund, Julian Stuermer, Nick Suominen, Jerez Tehero, Tod Von Boeckmann, Keith Wages, Marie Weisfeiler, Mavourneen Wilcox, Peter Wizinowich, Anna Wolfenberger

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceeding contribution › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Keck Planet Finder (KPF) is a fiber-fed, high-resolution, echelle spectrometer that specializes in the discovery and characterization of exoplanets using Doppler spectroscopy.In designing KPF, the guiding principles were high throughput to promote survey speed and access to faint targets, and high stability to keep uncalibrated systematic Doppler measurement errors below 30 cm s⁻¹.KPF achieves optical illumination stability with a tip-tilt injection system, octagonal cross-section optical fibers, a double scrambler, and active fiber agitation.The optical bench and optics with integral mounts are made of Zerodur to provide thermo-mechanical stability.The spectrometer includes a slicer to reformat the optical input, green and red channels (445-600 nm and 600-870 nm), and achieves a resolving power of ∼97,000.Additional subsystems include a separate, medium-resolution UV spectrometer (383-402 nm) to record the Ca II H & K lines, an exposure meter for real-time flux monitoring, a solar feed for sunlight injection, and a calibration system with a laser frequency comb and etalon for wavelength calibration.KPF was installed and commissioned at the W.M.Keck Observatory in late 2022 and early 2023 and is now in regular use for scientific observations.This paper presents an overview of the as-built KPF instrument and its subsystems, design considerations, and initial on-sky performance.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X
Editors	Julia J. Bryant, Kentaro Motohara, Joël R. Vernet
Place of Publication	Bellingham, Washington
Publisher	SPIE
Pages	1309609-1-1309609-29
Number of pages	29
Volume	13096
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510675162
ISBN (Print)	9781510675155
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3017841
Publication status	Published - 18 Jul 2024
Event	Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2024 - Yokohama, Japan Duration: 16 Jun 2024 → 21 Jun 2024

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE
Volume	13096
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2024
Country/Territory	Japan
City	Yokohama
Period	16/06/24 → 21/06/24

Keywords

Doppler spectroscopy
exoplanets
radial velocity
Spectrometer
Zerodur

Access to Document

10.1117/12.3017841

Cite this

Gibson, S. R., Howard, A. W., Rider, K., Halverson, S., Roy, A., Baker, A. D., Edelstein, J., Smith, C., Fulton, B. J., Walawender, J., Brodheim, M., Brown, M., Chan, D., Dai, F., Deich, W., Gottschalk, C., Grillo, J., Hale, D., Hill, G., ... Wolfenberger, A. (2024). System Design of the Keck Planet Finder. In J. J. Bryant, K. Motohara, & J. R. Vernet (Eds.), Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X (Vol. 13096, pp. 1309609-1-1309609-29). Article 1309609 (Proceedings of SPIE; Vol. 13096). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3017841

@inproceedings{d7213ed2bf6243958084c9220b0663bc,

title = "System Design of the Keck Planet Finder",

abstract = "The Keck Planet Finder (KPF) is a fiber-fed, high-resolution, echelle spectrometer that specializes in the discovery and characterization of exoplanets using Doppler spectroscopy.In designing KPF, the guiding principles were high throughput to promote survey speed and access to faint targets, and high stability to keep uncalibrated systematic Doppler measurement errors below 30 cm s−1.KPF achieves optical illumination stability with a tip-tilt injection system, octagonal cross-section optical fibers, a double scrambler, and active fiber agitation.The optical bench and optics with integral mounts are made of Zerodur to provide thermo-mechanical stability.The spectrometer includes a slicer to reformat the optical input, green and red channels (445-600 nm and 600-870 nm), and achieves a resolving power of ∼97,000.Additional subsystems include a separate, medium-resolution UV spectrometer (383-402 nm) to record the Ca II H & K lines, an exposure meter for real-time flux monitoring, a solar feed for sunlight injection, and a calibration system with a laser frequency comb and etalon for wavelength calibration.KPF was installed and commissioned at the W.M.Keck Observatory in late 2022 and early 2023 and is now in regular use for scientific observations.This paper presents an overview of the as-built KPF instrument and its subsystems, design considerations, and initial on-sky performance.",

keywords = "Doppler spectroscopy, exoplanets, radial velocity, Spectrometer, Zerodur",

author = "Gibson, {Steven R.} and Howard, {Andrew W.} and Kodi Rider and Samuel Halverson and Arpita Roy and Baker, {Ashley D.} and Jerry Edelstein and Christopher Smith and Fulton, {Benjamin J.} and Josh Walawender and Max Brodheim and Matthew Brown and Dwight Chan and Fei Dai and William Deich and Colby Gottschalk and Jason Grillo and David Hale and Grant Hill and Bradford Holden and Aaron Householder and Howard Isaacson and Yuzo Ishikawa and Sharon Jelinsky and Marc Kassis and Stephen Kaye and Russ Laher and Kyle Lanclos and Chien-Hsiu Lee and Scott Lilley and Ben McCarney and Miller, {Timothy N.} and Joel Payne and Petigura, {Erik A.} and Claire Poppett and Raffanti, {Michael P.} and Ryan Rubenzahl and Dale Sanford and Christian Schwab and Shaum, {Abby P.} and Sirk, {Martin M.} and Roger Smith and Jim Thorne and John Valliant and Adam Vandenberg and Wang, {Shin Ywan} and Wishnow, {Edward H.} and Truman Wold and Sherry Yeh and Steve Baca and Charles Beichman and Bruce Berriman and Thomas Brown and Kelleen Casey and Jason Chin and James Chong and David Cowley and Mark Devenot and Hamza Elwir and Daniel Finstad and Matthew Fraysse and Ean James and Elisha Jhoti and Joe Killian and Obie Levine and Li, {Adela Chenyang} and Eduardo Marin and Steve Milner and Craig Nance and O'Hanlon, {Timothy J.} and Daniel Orr and Roberto Ortiz-Soto and Tom Payne and Jacob Pember and Gert Raskin and Maureen Savage and Andreas Seifahrt and Brett Smith and Rob Storesund and Julian Stuermer and Nick Suominen and Jerez Tehero and {Von Boeckmann}, Tod and Keith Wages and Marie Weisfeiler and Mavourneen Wilcox and Peter Wizinowich and Anna Wolfenberger",

year = "2024",

month = jul,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1117/12.3017841",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781510675155",

volume = "13096",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE",

publisher = "SPIE",

pages = "1309609--1--1309609--29",

editor = "Bryant, {Julia J.} and Kentaro Motohara and Vernet, {Jo{\"e}l R.}",

booktitle = "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X",

address = "United States",

note = "Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2024 ; Conference date: 16-06-2024 Through 21-06-2024",

}

Gibson, SR, Howard, AW, Rider, K, Halverson, S, Roy, A, Baker, AD, Edelstein, J, Smith, C, Fulton, BJ, Walawender, J, Brodheim, M, Brown, M, Chan, D, Dai, F, Deich, W, Gottschalk, C, Grillo, J, Hale, D, Hill, G, Holden, B, Householder, A, Isaacson, H, Ishikawa, Y, Jelinsky, S, Kassis, M, Kaye, S, Laher, R, Lanclos, K, Lee, C-H, Lilley, S, McCarney, B, Miller, TN, Payne, J, Petigura, EA, Poppett, C, Raffanti, MP, Rubenzahl, R, Sanford, D, Schwab, C, Shaum, AP, Sirk, MM, Smith, R, Thorne, J, Valliant, J, Vandenberg, A, Wang, SY, Wishnow, EH, Wold, T, Yeh, S, Baca, S, Beichman, C, Berriman, B, Brown, T, Casey, K, Chin, J, Chong, J, Cowley, D, Devenot, M, Elwir, H, Finstad, D, Fraysse, M, James, E, Jhoti, E, Killian, J, Levine, O, Li, AC, Marin, E, Milner, S, Nance, C, O'Hanlon, TJ, Orr, D, Ortiz-Soto, R, Payne, T, Pember, J, Raskin, G, Savage, M, Seifahrt, A, Smith, B, Storesund, R, Stuermer, J, Suominen, N, Tehero, J, Von Boeckmann, T, Wages, K, Weisfeiler, M, Wilcox, M, Wizinowich, P & Wolfenberger, A 2024, System Design of the Keck Planet Finder. in JJ Bryant, K Motohara & JR Vernet (eds), Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X. vol. 13096, 1309609, Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 13096, SPIE, Bellingham, Washington, pp. 1309609-1-1309609-29, Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2024, Yokohama, Japan, 16/06/24. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3017841

System Design of the Keck Planet Finder. / Gibson, Steven R.; Howard, Andrew W.; Rider, Kodi et al.
Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X. ed. / Julia J. Bryant; Kentaro Motohara; Joël R. Vernet. Vol. 13096 Bellingham, Washington: SPIE, 2024. p. 1309609-1-1309609-29 1309609 (Proceedings of SPIE; Vol. 13096).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceeding contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - System Design of the Keck Planet Finder

AU - Gibson, Steven R.

AU - Howard, Andrew W.

AU - Rider, Kodi

AU - Halverson, Samuel

AU - Roy, Arpita

AU - Baker, Ashley D.

AU - Edelstein, Jerry

AU - Smith, Christopher

AU - Fulton, Benjamin J.

AU - Walawender, Josh

AU - Brodheim, Max

AU - Brown, Matthew

AU - Chan, Dwight

AU - Dai, Fei

AU - Deich, William

AU - Gottschalk, Colby

AU - Grillo, Jason

AU - Hale, David

AU - Hill, Grant

AU - Holden, Bradford

AU - Householder, Aaron

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Ishikawa, Yuzo

AU - Jelinsky, Sharon

AU - Kassis, Marc

AU - Kaye, Stephen

AU - Laher, Russ

AU - Lanclos, Kyle

AU - Lee, Chien-Hsiu

AU - Lilley, Scott

AU - McCarney, Ben

AU - Miller, Timothy N.

AU - Payne, Joel

AU - Petigura, Erik A.

AU - Poppett, Claire

AU - Raffanti, Michael P.

AU - Rubenzahl, Ryan

AU - Sanford, Dale

AU - Schwab, Christian

AU - Shaum, Abby P.

AU - Sirk, Martin M.

AU - Smith, Roger

AU - Thorne, Jim

AU - Valliant, John

AU - Vandenberg, Adam

AU - Wang, Shin Ywan

AU - Wishnow, Edward H.

AU - Wold, Truman

AU - Yeh, Sherry

AU - Baca, Steve

AU - Beichman, Charles

AU - Berriman, Bruce

AU - Brown, Thomas

AU - Casey, Kelleen

AU - Chin, Jason

AU - Chong, James

AU - Cowley, David

AU - Devenot, Mark

AU - Elwir, Hamza

AU - Finstad, Daniel

AU - Fraysse, Matthew

AU - James, Ean

AU - Jhoti, Elisha

AU - Killian, Joe

AU - Levine, Obie

AU - Li, Adela Chenyang

AU - Marin, Eduardo

AU - Milner, Steve

AU - Nance, Craig

AU - O'Hanlon, Timothy J.

AU - Orr, Daniel

AU - Ortiz-Soto, Roberto

AU - Payne, Tom

AU - Pember, Jacob

AU - Raskin, Gert

AU - Savage, Maureen

AU - Seifahrt, Andreas

AU - Smith, Brett

AU - Storesund, Rob

AU - Stuermer, Julian

AU - Suominen, Nick

AU - Tehero, Jerez

AU - Von Boeckmann, Tod

AU - Wages, Keith

AU - Weisfeiler, Marie

AU - Wilcox, Mavourneen

AU - Wizinowich, Peter

AU - Wolfenberger, Anna

PY - 2024/7/18

Y1 - 2024/7/18

N2 - The Keck Planet Finder (KPF) is a fiber-fed, high-resolution, echelle spectrometer that specializes in the discovery and characterization of exoplanets using Doppler spectroscopy.In designing KPF, the guiding principles were high throughput to promote survey speed and access to faint targets, and high stability to keep uncalibrated systematic Doppler measurement errors below 30 cm s−1.KPF achieves optical illumination stability with a tip-tilt injection system, octagonal cross-section optical fibers, a double scrambler, and active fiber agitation.The optical bench and optics with integral mounts are made of Zerodur to provide thermo-mechanical stability.The spectrometer includes a slicer to reformat the optical input, green and red channels (445-600 nm and 600-870 nm), and achieves a resolving power of ∼97,000.Additional subsystems include a separate, medium-resolution UV spectrometer (383-402 nm) to record the Ca II H & K lines, an exposure meter for real-time flux monitoring, a solar feed for sunlight injection, and a calibration system with a laser frequency comb and etalon for wavelength calibration.KPF was installed and commissioned at the W.M.Keck Observatory in late 2022 and early 2023 and is now in regular use for scientific observations.This paper presents an overview of the as-built KPF instrument and its subsystems, design considerations, and initial on-sky performance.

AB - The Keck Planet Finder (KPF) is a fiber-fed, high-resolution, echelle spectrometer that specializes in the discovery and characterization of exoplanets using Doppler spectroscopy.In designing KPF, the guiding principles were high throughput to promote survey speed and access to faint targets, and high stability to keep uncalibrated systematic Doppler measurement errors below 30 cm s−1.KPF achieves optical illumination stability with a tip-tilt injection system, octagonal cross-section optical fibers, a double scrambler, and active fiber agitation.The optical bench and optics with integral mounts are made of Zerodur to provide thermo-mechanical stability.The spectrometer includes a slicer to reformat the optical input, green and red channels (445-600 nm and 600-870 nm), and achieves a resolving power of ∼97,000.Additional subsystems include a separate, medium-resolution UV spectrometer (383-402 nm) to record the Ca II H & K lines, an exposure meter for real-time flux monitoring, a solar feed for sunlight injection, and a calibration system with a laser frequency comb and etalon for wavelength calibration.KPF was installed and commissioned at the W.M.Keck Observatory in late 2022 and early 2023 and is now in regular use for scientific observations.This paper presents an overview of the as-built KPF instrument and its subsystems, design considerations, and initial on-sky performance.

KW - Doppler spectroscopy

KW - exoplanets

KW - radial velocity

KW - Spectrometer

KW - Zerodur

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85205550712&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1117/12.3017841

DO - 10.1117/12.3017841

M3 - Conference proceeding contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85205550712

SN - 9781510675155

VL - 13096

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE

SP - 1309609-1-1309609-29

BT - Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X

A2 - Bryant, Julia J.

A2 - Motohara, Kentaro

A2 - Vernet, Joël R.

PB - SPIE

CY - Bellingham, Washington

T2 - Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X 2024

Y2 - 16 June 2024 through 21 June 2024

ER -

System Design of the Keck Planet Finder

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