The antimicrobial activity of mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes containing the dppz ligand

Xuewen Liu; Biyun Sun; Ruby E.M. Kell; Hannah M. Southam; Jonathan A. Butler; Xin Li; Robert K. Poole; F. Richard Keene; J. Grant Collins

doi:10.1002/cplu.201800042

The antimicrobial activity of mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes containing the dppz ligand

Xuewen Liu, Biyun Sun, Ruby E.M. Kell, Hannah M. Southam, Jonathan A. Butler, Xin Li, Robert K. Poole, F. Richard Keene^*, J. Grant Collins

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The cis-α isomer of [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ (dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine; bb₇=bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-alkane) has been synthesised. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ and its parent complex [Ru(phen)₂(dppz)]²⁺ (phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were determined against a range of bacteria. The results showed that both ruthenium complexes exhibited good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ showed at least eightfold better activity against the Gram-negative bacteria than [Ru(phen)₂(dppz)]²⁺. Luminescence assays demonstrated that [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ accumulated in a Gram-negative bacterium to the same degree as in a Gram-positive species, and assays with liposomes showed that [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ interacted more strongly with membranes than the parent [Ru(phen)₂(dppz)]²⁺ complex. The DNA binding affinity for [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ was determined to be 6.7 × 10⁶ m⁻¹. Although more toxic to eukaryotic cells than [Ru(phen)₂(dppz)]²⁺, [Ru(bb₇)(dppz)]²⁺ exhibited greater activity against bacteria than eukaryotic cells.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	643-650
Number of pages	8
Journal	ChemPlusChem
Volume	83
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201800042
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2018
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

antimicrobial agents
bioinorganic chemistry
DNA binding
lipophilicity
ruthenium

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10.1002/cplu.201800042

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title = "The antimicrobial activity of mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes containing the dppz ligand",

abstract = "The cis-α isomer of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ (dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine; bb7=bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-alkane) has been synthesised. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ and its parent complex [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ (phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were determined against a range of bacteria. The results showed that both ruthenium complexes exhibited good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ showed at least eightfold better activity against the Gram-negative bacteria than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+. Luminescence assays demonstrated that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ accumulated in a Gram-negative bacterium to the same degree as in a Gram-positive species, and assays with liposomes showed that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ interacted more strongly with membranes than the parent [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ complex. The DNA binding affinity for [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ was determined to be 6.7 × 106 m−1. Although more toxic to eukaryotic cells than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+, [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ exhibited greater activity against bacteria than eukaryotic cells.",

keywords = "antimicrobial agents, bioinorganic chemistry, DNA binding, lipophilicity, ruthenium",

author = "Xuewen Liu and Biyun Sun and Kell, {Ruby E.M.} and Southam, {Hannah M.} and Butler, {Jonathan A.} and Xin Li and Poole, {Robert K.} and Keene, {F. Richard} and Collins, {J. Grant}",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1002/cplu.201800042",

language = "English",

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AU - Liu, Xuewen

AU - Sun, Biyun

AU - Kell, Ruby E.M.

AU - Southam, Hannah M.

AU - Butler, Jonathan A.

AU - Li, Xin

AU - Poole, Robert K.

AU - Keene, F. Richard

AU - Collins, J. Grant

PY - 2018/7/1

Y1 - 2018/7/1

N2 - The cis-α isomer of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ (dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine; bb7=bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-alkane) has been synthesised. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ and its parent complex [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ (phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were determined against a range of bacteria. The results showed that both ruthenium complexes exhibited good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ showed at least eightfold better activity against the Gram-negative bacteria than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+. Luminescence assays demonstrated that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ accumulated in a Gram-negative bacterium to the same degree as in a Gram-positive species, and assays with liposomes showed that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ interacted more strongly with membranes than the parent [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ complex. The DNA binding affinity for [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ was determined to be 6.7 × 106 m−1. Although more toxic to eukaryotic cells than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+, [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ exhibited greater activity against bacteria than eukaryotic cells.

AB - The cis-α isomer of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ (dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine; bb7=bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-alkane) has been synthesised. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ and its parent complex [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ (phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were determined against a range of bacteria. The results showed that both ruthenium complexes exhibited good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ showed at least eightfold better activity against the Gram-negative bacteria than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+. Luminescence assays demonstrated that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ accumulated in a Gram-negative bacterium to the same degree as in a Gram-positive species, and assays with liposomes showed that [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ interacted more strongly with membranes than the parent [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ complex. The DNA binding affinity for [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ was determined to be 6.7 × 106 m−1. Although more toxic to eukaryotic cells than [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+, [Ru(bb7)(dppz)]2+ exhibited greater activity against bacteria than eukaryotic cells.

KW - antimicrobial agents

KW - bioinorganic chemistry

KW - DNA binding

KW - lipophilicity

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SP - 643

EP - 650

JO - ChemPlusChem

JF - ChemPlusChem

IS - 7

ER -

The antimicrobial activity of mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes containing the dppz ligand

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Keywords

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