The CUBES science case

Chris Evans; Stefano Cristiani; Cyrielle Opitom; Gabriele Cescutti; Valentina D’Odorico; Juan Manuel Alcalá; Silvia H. P. Alencar; Sergei Balashev; Beatriz Barbuy; Nate Bastian; Umberto Battino; Pamela Cambianica; Roberta Carini; Brad Carter; Santi Cassisi; Bruno Vaz Castilho; Norbert Christlieb; Ryan Cooke; Stefano Covino; Gabriele Cremonese; Katia Cunha; André R. da Silva; Valerio D’Elia; Annalisa De Cia; Gayandhi De Silva; Marcos Diaz; Paolo Di Marcantonio; Heitor Ernandes; Alan Fitzsimmons; Mariagrazia Franchini; Boris T. Gänsicke; Matteo Genoni; Riano E. Giribaldi; Andrea Grazian; Camilla Juul Hansen; Fiorangela La Forgia; Monica Lazzarin; Wagner Marcolino; Marcella Marconi; Alessandra Migliorini; Pasquier Noterdaeme; Claudio Pereira; Bogumil Pilecki; Andreas Quirrenbach; Sofia Randich; Silvia Rossi; Rodolfo Smiljanic; Colin Snodgrass; Julian Stürmer; Andrea Trost; Eros Vanzella; Paolo Ventura; Duncan Wright; Tayyaba Zafar

doi:10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7

The CUBES science case

Chris Evans^*, Stefano Cristiani, Cyrielle Opitom, Gabriele Cescutti, Valentina D’Odorico, Juan Manuel Alcalá, Silvia H. P. Alencar, Sergei Balashev, Beatriz Barbuy, Nate Bastian, Umberto Battino, Pamela Cambianica, Roberta Carini, Brad Carter, Santi Cassisi, Bruno Vaz Castilho, Norbert Christlieb, Ryan Cooke, Stefano Covino, Gabriele CremoneseKatia Cunha, André R. da Silva, Valerio D’Elia, Annalisa De Cia, Gayandhi De Silva, Marcos Diaz, Paolo Di Marcantonio, Heitor Ernandes, Alan Fitzsimmons, Mariagrazia Franchini, Boris T. Gänsicke, Matteo Genoni, Riano E. Giribaldi, Andrea Grazian, Camilla Juul Hansen, Fiorangela La Forgia, Monica Lazzarin, Wagner Marcolino, Marcella Marconi, Alessandra Migliorini, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Claudio Pereira, Bogumil Pilecki, Andreas Quirrenbach, Sofia Randich, Silvia Rossi, Rodolfo Smiljanic, Colin Snodgrass, Julian Stürmer, Andrea Trost, Eros Vanzella, Paolo Ventura, Duncan Wright, Tayyaba Zafar

^*Corresponding author for this work

Australian Astronomical Optics

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Abstract

We introduce the scientific motivations for the development of the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) that is now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The assembled cases span a broad range of contemporary topics across Solar System, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, where observations are limited by the performance of current ground-based spectrographs shortwards of 400 nm. A brief background to each case is presented and specific technical requirements on the instrument design that flow-down from each case are identified. These were used as inputs to the CUBES design, that will provide a factor of ten gain in efficiency for astronomical spectroscopy over 300-405 nm, at resolving powers of R∼ 24,000 and ∼ 7,000. We include performance estimates that demonstrate the ability of CUBES to observe sources that are up to three magnitudes fainter than currently possible at ground-ultraviolet wavelengths, and we place its predicted performance in the context of existing facillities.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-57
Number of pages	57
Journal	Experimental Astronomy
Volume	55
Issue number	1
Early online date	1 Oct 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7
Publication status	Published - Feb 2023

Bibliographical note

Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

Keywords

Instrumentation: spectrographs
Comets
Stars
Galaxies
Transients

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10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7Licence: CC BY

Publisher version (open access)Final published version, 2.75 MBLicence: CC BY

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Evans, C., Cristiani, S., Opitom, C., Cescutti, G., D’Odorico, V., Alcalá, J. M., Alencar, S. H. P., Balashev, S., Barbuy, B., Bastian, N., Battino, U., Cambianica, P., Carini, R., Carter, B., Cassisi, S., Vaz Castilho, B., Christlieb, N., Cooke, R., Covino, S., ... Zafar, T. (2023). The CUBES science case. Experimental Astronomy, 55(1), 1-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7

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abstract = "We introduce the scientific motivations for the development of the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) that is now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The assembled cases span a broad range of contemporary topics across Solar System, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, where observations are limited by the performance of current ground-based spectrographs shortwards of 400 nm. A brief background to each case is presented and specific technical requirements on the instrument design that flow-down from each case are identified. These were used as inputs to the CUBES design, that will provide a factor of ten gain in efficiency for astronomical spectroscopy over 300-405 nm, at resolving powers of R∼ 24,000 and ∼ 7,000. We include performance estimates that demonstrate the ability of CUBES to observe sources that are up to three magnitudes fainter than currently possible at ground-ultraviolet wavelengths, and we place its predicted performance in the context of existing facillities.",

keywords = "Instrumentation: spectrographs, Comets, Stars, Galaxies, Transients",

author = "Chris Evans and Stefano Cristiani and Cyrielle Opitom and Gabriele Cescutti and Valentina D{\textquoteright}Odorico and Alcal{\'a}, \{Juan Manuel\} and Alencar, \{Silvia H. P.\} and Sergei Balashev and Beatriz Barbuy and Nate Bastian and Umberto Battino and Pamela Cambianica and Roberta Carini and Brad Carter and Santi Cassisi and \{Vaz Castilho\}, Bruno and Norbert Christlieb and Ryan Cooke and Stefano Covino and Gabriele Cremonese and Katia Cunha and \{da Silva\}, \{Andr{\'e} R.\} and Valerio D{\textquoteright}Elia and \{De Cia\}, Annalisa and \{De Silva\}, Gayandhi and Marcos Diaz and \{Di Marcantonio\}, Paolo and Heitor Ernandes and Alan Fitzsimmons and Mariagrazia Franchini and G{\"a}nsicke, \{Boris T.\} and Matteo Genoni and Giribaldi, \{Riano E.\} and Andrea Grazian and Hansen, \{Camilla Juul\} and \{La Forgia\}, Fiorangela and Monica Lazzarin and Wagner Marcolino and Marcella Marconi and Alessandra Migliorini and Pasquier Noterdaeme and Claudio Pereira and Bogumil Pilecki and Andreas Quirrenbach and Sofia Randich and Silvia Rossi and Rodolfo Smiljanic and Colin Snodgrass and Julian St{\"u}rmer and Andrea Trost and Eros Vanzella and Paolo Ventura and Duncan Wright and Tayyaba Zafar",

note = "Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.",

year = "2023",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7",

language = "English",

volume = "55",

pages = "1--57",

journal = "Experimental Astronomy",

issn = "0922-6435",

publisher = "Springer, Springer Nature",

number = "1",

}

Evans, C, Cristiani, S, Opitom, C, Cescutti, G, D’Odorico, V, Alcalá, JM, Alencar, SHP, Balashev, S, Barbuy, B, Bastian, N, Battino, U, Cambianica, P, Carini, R, Carter, B, Cassisi, S, Vaz Castilho, B, Christlieb, N, Cooke, R, Covino, S, Cremonese, G, Cunha, K, da Silva, AR, D’Elia, V, De Cia, A, De Silva, G, Diaz, M, Di Marcantonio, P, Ernandes, H, Fitzsimmons, A, Franchini, M, Gänsicke, BT, Genoni, M, Giribaldi, RE, Grazian, A, Hansen, CJ, La Forgia, F, Lazzarin, M, Marcolino, W, Marconi, M, Migliorini, A, Noterdaeme, P, Pereira, C, Pilecki, B, Quirrenbach, A, Randich, S, Rossi, S, Smiljanic, R, Snodgrass, C, Stürmer, J, Trost, A, Vanzella, E, Ventura, P, Wright, D & Zafar, T 2023, 'The CUBES science case', Experimental Astronomy, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 1-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7

TY - JOUR

T1 - The CUBES science case

AU - Evans, Chris

AU - Cristiani, Stefano

AU - Opitom, Cyrielle

AU - Cescutti, Gabriele

AU - D’Odorico, Valentina

AU - Alcalá, Juan Manuel

AU - Alencar, Silvia H. P.

AU - Balashev, Sergei

AU - Barbuy, Beatriz

AU - Bastian, Nate

AU - Battino, Umberto

AU - Cambianica, Pamela

AU - Carini, Roberta

AU - Carter, Brad

AU - Cassisi, Santi

AU - Vaz Castilho, Bruno

AU - Christlieb, Norbert

AU - Cooke, Ryan

AU - Covino, Stefano

AU - Cremonese, Gabriele

AU - Cunha, Katia

AU - da Silva, André R.

AU - D’Elia, Valerio

AU - De Cia, Annalisa

AU - De Silva, Gayandhi

AU - Diaz, Marcos

AU - Di Marcantonio, Paolo

AU - Ernandes, Heitor

AU - Fitzsimmons, Alan

AU - Franchini, Mariagrazia

AU - Gänsicke, Boris T.

AU - Genoni, Matteo

AU - Giribaldi, Riano E.

AU - Grazian, Andrea

AU - Hansen, Camilla Juul

AU - La Forgia, Fiorangela

AU - Lazzarin, Monica

AU - Marcolino, Wagner

AU - Marconi, Marcella

AU - Migliorini, Alessandra

AU - Noterdaeme, Pasquier

AU - Pereira, Claudio

AU - Pilecki, Bogumil

AU - Quirrenbach, Andreas

AU - Randich, Sofia

AU - Rossi, Silvia

AU - Smiljanic, Rodolfo

AU - Snodgrass, Colin

AU - Stürmer, Julian

AU - Trost, Andrea

AU - Vanzella, Eros

AU - Ventura, Paolo

AU - Wright, Duncan

AU - Zafar, Tayyaba

N1 - Copyright the Author(s) 2022. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.

PY - 2023/2

Y1 - 2023/2

N2 - We introduce the scientific motivations for the development of the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) that is now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The assembled cases span a broad range of contemporary topics across Solar System, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, where observations are limited by the performance of current ground-based spectrographs shortwards of 400 nm. A brief background to each case is presented and specific technical requirements on the instrument design that flow-down from each case are identified. These were used as inputs to the CUBES design, that will provide a factor of ten gain in efficiency for astronomical spectroscopy over 300-405 nm, at resolving powers of R∼ 24,000 and ∼ 7,000. We include performance estimates that demonstrate the ability of CUBES to observe sources that are up to three magnitudes fainter than currently possible at ground-ultraviolet wavelengths, and we place its predicted performance in the context of existing facillities.

AB - We introduce the scientific motivations for the development of the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) that is now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The assembled cases span a broad range of contemporary topics across Solar System, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, where observations are limited by the performance of current ground-based spectrographs shortwards of 400 nm. A brief background to each case is presented and specific technical requirements on the instrument design that flow-down from each case are identified. These were used as inputs to the CUBES design, that will provide a factor of ten gain in efficiency for astronomical spectroscopy over 300-405 nm, at resolving powers of R∼ 24,000 and ∼ 7,000. We include performance estimates that demonstrate the ability of CUBES to observe sources that are up to three magnitudes fainter than currently possible at ground-ultraviolet wavelengths, and we place its predicted performance in the context of existing facillities.

KW - Instrumentation: spectrographs

KW - Comets

KW - Stars

KW - Galaxies

KW - Transients

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85138255604

U2 - 10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7

DO - 10.1007/s10686-022-09864-7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85138255604

SN - 0922-6435

VL - 55

SP - 1

EP - 57

JO - Experimental Astronomy

JF - Experimental Astronomy

IS - 1

ER -

The CUBES science case

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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