The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring

Hani J. Marcus*, Pedro T. Ramirez, Danyal Z. Khan, Hugo Layard Horsfall, John G. Hanrahan, Simon C. Williams, David J. Beard, Rani Bhat, Ken Catchpole, Andrew Cook, Katrina Hutchison, Janet Martin, Tom Melvin, Danail Stoyanov, Maroeska Rovers, Nicholas Raison, Prokar Dasgupta, David Noonan, Deborah Stocken, Georgia SturtAnne Vanhoestenberghe, Baptiste Vasey, Peter McCulloch*, The IDEAL Robotics Colloquium

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    33 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    The next generation of surgical robotics is poised to disrupt healthcare systems worldwide, requiring new frameworks for evaluation. However, evaluation during a surgical robot’s development is challenging due to their complex evolving nature, potential for wider system disruption and integration with complementary technologies like artificial intelligence. Comparative clinical studies require attention to intervention context, learning curves and standardized outcomes. Long-term monitoring needs to transition toward collaborative, transparent and inclusive consortiums for real-world data collection. Here, the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term monitoring (IDEAL) Robotics Colloquium proposes recommendations for evaluation during development, comparative study and clinical monitoring of surgical robots—providing practical recommendations for developers, clinicians, patients and healthcare systems. Multiple perspectives are considered, including economics, surgical training, human factors, ethics, patient perspectives and sustainability. Further work is needed on standardized metrics, health economic assessment models and global applicability of recommendations.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)61-75
    Number of pages15
    JournalNature Medicine
    Volume30
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Jan 2024

    Bibliographical note

    Author correction: Marcus, H.J., Ramirez, P.T., Khan, D.Z. et al. Author Correction: The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring. Nat Med 30, 1213 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02836-8

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