The missing evidence: a systematic review of patients' experiences of adverse events in health care

Reema Harrison, Merrilyn Walton, Elizabeth Manias, Jennifer Smith-Merry, Patrick Kelly, Rick Iedema, Lauren Robinson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

94 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Purpose: Preventable patient harm due to adverse events (AEs) is a significant health problem today facing contemporary health care. Knowledge of patients' experiences of AEs is critical to improving health care safety and quality. A systematic review of studies of patients' experiences of AEs was conducted to report their experiences, knowledge gaps and any challenges encountered when capturing patient experience data. Data sources: Key words, synonyms and subject headings were used to search eight electronic databases from January 2000 to February 2015, in addition to hand-searching of reference lists and relevant journals. Study selection: Titles and abstracts of publicationswere screened by two reviewers and checked by a third. Full-text articles were screened against the eligibility criteria. Data extraction: Data on design, methods and key findings were extracted and collated. Results: Thirty-three publications demonstrated patients identifying a range of problems in their care; most commonly identified were medication errors, communication and coordination of care problems. Patients' income, education, health burden and marital status influence likelihood of reporting. Patients report distress after an AE, often exacerbated by receiving inadequate information about the cause. Investigating patients' experiences is hampered by the lack of large representative patient samples, data over sufficient time periods and varying definitions of an AE. Conclusion: Despite the emergence of policy initiatives to enhance patient engagement, few studies report patients' experiences of AEs. This information must be routinely captured and utilized to develop effective, patient-centred and system-wide policies to minimize and manage AEs.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)424-442
Number of pages19
JournalInternational Journal for Quality in Health Care
Volume27
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Dec 2015
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Health services research
  • Hospital incident reporting
  • Medical error
  • Patient participation
  • Patient safety
  • Quality of health care

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