The use of the River Styles Framework as a tool to 'work with nature' in managing rivers in Brazil: examples from the Macaé Catchment

Integrative approaches to land and water management apply scientifically informed policies that build upon a landscape template. The River Styles Framework supports the development and application of proactive, strategic and cost-effective management plans. This paper outlines eight key principles that build upon the River Styles Framework: (1) use a landscape template as an integrative platform; (2) respect the inherent diversity of river forms and processes; (3) work with variability, adjustment and change; (4) know your catchment, understanding patterns of river types and tributary-trunk stream relationships; (5) compare like with like in assessing geomorphic river condition; (6) forecast prospective river futures to set moving targets for management; (7) apply a conservation-first and recovery enhancement ethos in the development of visionary yet realistically achievable management plans that have a clear evidence base for prioritization of actions; and (8) monitor and learn effectively using adaptive management principles. The application of each of these principles is demonstrated using a case study from the Macaé Catchment in Rio de Janeiro State.