TY - JOUR
T1 - TOI-3757 b
T2 - A low-density gas giant orbiting a solar-metallicity M dwarf
AU - Kanodia, Shubham
AU - Libby-Roberts, Jessica
AU - Cañas, Caleb I.
AU - Ninan, Joe P.
AU - Mahadevan, Suvrath
AU - Stefansson, Gudmundur
AU - Lin, Andrea S. J.
AU - Jones, Sinclaire
AU - Monson, Andrew
AU - Parker, Brock A.
AU - Kobulnicky, Henry A.
AU - Swaby, Tera N.
AU - Powers, Luke
AU - Beard, Corey
AU - Bender, Chad F.
AU - Blake, Cullen H.
AU - Cochran, William D.
AU - Dong, Jiayin
AU - Diddams, Scott A.
AU - Fredrick, Connor
AU - Gupta, Arvind F.
AU - Halverson, Samuel
AU - Hearty, Fred
AU - Logsdon, Sarah E.
AU - Metcalf, Andrew J.
AU - McElwain, Michael W.
AU - Morley, Caroline
AU - Rajagopal, Jayadev
AU - Ramsey, Lawrence W.
AU - Robertson, Paul
AU - Roy, Arpita
AU - Schwab, Christian
AU - Terrien, Ryan C.
AU - Wisniewski, John
AU - Wright, Jason T.
N1 - Copyright © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Version archived for private and non-commercial use with the permission of the author/s and according to publisher conditions. For further rights please contact the publisher.
PY - 2022/9/1
Y1 - 2022/9/1
N2 - We present the discovery of a new Jovian-sized planet, TOI-3757 b, the lowest-density transiting planet known to orbit an M dwarf (M0V). This planet was discovered around a solar-metallicity M dwarf, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and confirmed with precise radial velocities from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID. With a planetary radius of 12.0−0.5+ 0.4 R⊕ and mass of 85.3−8.7+8.8 M⊕, not only does this object add to the small sample of gas giants (∼10) around M dwarfs, but also its low density ( ρ = 0.27−0.04+0.05 g cm−3) provides an opportunity to test theories of planet formation. We present two hypotheses to explain its low density; first, we posit that the low metallicity of its stellar host (∼0.3 dex lower than the median metallicity of M dwarfs hosting gas giants) could have played a role in the delayed formation of a solid core massive enough to initiate runaway accretion. Second, using the eccentricity estimate of 0.14 ± 0.06, we determine it is also plausible for tidal heating to at least partially be responsible for inflating the radius of TOI-3757b b. The low density and large scale height of TOI-3757 b makes it an excellent target for transmission spectroscopy studies of atmospheric escape and composition (transmission spectroscopy measurement of ∼ 190). We use HPF to perform transmission spectroscopy of TOI-3757 b using the helium 10830 Å line. Doing this, we place an upper limit of 6.9% (with 90% confidence) on the maximum depth of the absorption from the metastable transition of He at ∼10830 Å, which can help constraint the atmospheric mass-loss rate in this energy-limited regime.
AB - We present the discovery of a new Jovian-sized planet, TOI-3757 b, the lowest-density transiting planet known to orbit an M dwarf (M0V). This planet was discovered around a solar-metallicity M dwarf, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and confirmed with precise radial velocities from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID. With a planetary radius of 12.0−0.5+ 0.4 R⊕ and mass of 85.3−8.7+8.8 M⊕, not only does this object add to the small sample of gas giants (∼10) around M dwarfs, but also its low density ( ρ = 0.27−0.04+0.05 g cm−3) provides an opportunity to test theories of planet formation. We present two hypotheses to explain its low density; first, we posit that the low metallicity of its stellar host (∼0.3 dex lower than the median metallicity of M dwarfs hosting gas giants) could have played a role in the delayed formation of a solid core massive enough to initiate runaway accretion. Second, using the eccentricity estimate of 0.14 ± 0.06, we determine it is also plausible for tidal heating to at least partially be responsible for inflating the radius of TOI-3757b b. The low density and large scale height of TOI-3757 b makes it an excellent target for transmission spectroscopy studies of atmospheric escape and composition (transmission spectroscopy measurement of ∼ 190). We use HPF to perform transmission spectroscopy of TOI-3757 b using the helium 10830 Å line. Doing this, we place an upper limit of 6.9% (with 90% confidence) on the maximum depth of the absorption from the metastable transition of He at ∼10830 Å, which can help constraint the atmospheric mass-loss rate in this energy-limited regime.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136073592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac7c20
DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac7c20
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85136073592
SN - 0004-6256
VL - 164
SP - 1
EP - 17
JO - Astronomical Journal
JF - Astronomical Journal
IS - 3
M1 - 81
ER -