Transcranial direct current stimulation influences bilingual language control mechanism: evidence from cross-frequency coupling

How to better suppress the interference from the non-target language when switching from one language to the other in bilingual production? The current study applied transcranial direct current stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to modulate language control measured by cross-frequency coupling. We found that switching to L2 was more modulated by F4–F3 alpha–beta phase-amplitude compared to switching to L1 after receiving the anodal stimulation at the language task schema phase. These findings suggest that anodal stimulation affects the selection of the target language task schema by enhancing the activation of frontal areas and facilitating the coordination between the left and the right frontal hemispheres.