Tropical deforestation: modeling local- to regional-scale climate change

A. Henderson-Sellers, R. E. Dickinson, T. B. Durbidge, P. J. Kennedy, K. McGuffie, A. J. Pitman

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    349 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    A tropical deforestation experiment has been conducted in which the tropical moist forest throughout the Amazon Basin and SE Asia has been replaced by scrub grassland in a version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model (Version 1), which also incorporates a mixed layer ocean and the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme. In both regions we find a smaller temperature increase than did all other previous experiments except that of Henderson-Sellers and Gornitz (1984); indeed, temperatures decrease in some months. On the other hand, we find larger runoff decreases and a larger difference between the changes in evaporation and precipitation than all earlier experiments indicating a basin-wide decrease in moisture convergence. Disturbances in South America extend beyond the region of land-surface change causing temperature reductions and precipitation increases to the south of the deforested Amazon. Changes to the surface climate in the deforested area take between 1 to 2 years to become fully established although the root zone soil moisture is still decreasing in year 3 and the variability of soil moisture and total cloud amount continue increasing throughout the 6-year integration. Besides temperature and precipitation, other fields show statistically significant alterations, especially evaporation and net surface radiation (both decreased).

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)7289-7315
    Number of pages27
    JournalJournal of Geophysical Research
    Volume98
    Issue numberD4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1993

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